Complex Equality: A Study On Walzer’s Theory Of Justice

Since the 1970 s,distributive justice has gradually become a focus in the field of political philosophy,many scholars have put forward the insightful theory of distribution justice,Michael walzer is one of them,the core idea of composite equality pluralism distributive justice theory has attracted extensive attention and discussion.Before Walzer put forward his thought of justice,the western academic circles had produced a large number of works related to the theme of justice in the past 30 years.The proposal and controversy of various justice theories became the theoretical background for Volzer to put forward his thought of complex equal distributive and justice.Walzer is a communist,he criticized the theory of justice at the same time,based on the communitarian position put forward their own "article theory",and based on the items of sociality and diversity,using the way of "interpretation" demonstrates the social significance distribution principle of pluralism,expounds a kind of pluralism of justice theory."Complex equality" is the core concept of Walzer’s pluralistic justice thought,and understanding complex equality is the premise of understanding his justice thought.Walzer called the polity preset by egalitarian thinkers the "simple equality regime",and he criticized the incontinuity of simple equality and replaced simple equality with complex equality aimed at "defending differences" and "opposing domination".According to Walzer,there are differences between people,each with its own area of distribution at work.In the field of difference,it is reasonable whether the results caused by differences are equal or not.This understanding of equality is the first connotation of Walzer’s concept of complex equality.Most thinkers on justice regard opposition to monopoly or rule as the main goal,but Walzer points out that not monopoly but domination is the goal that justice should oppose.However,not all dominance should not be.It is understandable for a person to dominate a field with talent.But once this dominance crosses the field of action to which this gift belongs,to attempt to dominate the good in other fields,injustice follows.This is the second connotation of complex equality.Around the concept of complex equality,Walzer defines and explains the components of its distributive justice theory: initial background,distributive subject,distributive object and distributive principle.Political community is the initial background of Volzer’s theory of distributive justice;community members are the subject of distributive;social good or social meaningful objects are the distributive objects;objects are diverse and diverse,no standard can be used to distribute all items,different goods areas should apply different distributive principles.Walzer believes that when all areas of distributive have boundaries and do not cross the boundary,the three principles of justice,free exchange,deserve and need throughout the history of human distributive,will exert their own power in different fields.By clarifying the logical relationship between these elements around the concept of complex equality,we can see the basic structure of Walzer’s pluralistic theory of distributive justice.Walzer’s thought of justice has a unique value in both the theoretical and practical aspects.Walzer opens a new path to justice;his understanding of equality and inequality is extremely innovative and provides new considerations for the study of justice;and his theory of justice focuses on reality and provides some feasible solutions to deal with social distributive.But there are still some shortcomings in Walzer’s ideas of justice.His optimistic vision of personal talent and failure to balance the internal conflict between political power and democratic institutions,and his theory is relativistic has the potential to justify inequalities in unreasonable societies.