The Commemoration Of The Martyrs Of The Anti-Japanese War From All Walks Of Life In Hunan(1937-1947)

The Anti-Japanese War of 1931-1945 makes China win the attention of the world.Meanwhile,this war also witnesses to the strength of China.In this war,Hunan changed from the main rear area to the front of the Anti-Japanese War,which witnessed the whole process of the War.Some of the soldiers went from here to the battlefield,and some of the soldiers died here.There were so much misery going on here.In view of this.Hunan had carried out a series of memorial activities for the martyrs.Firstly,Hunan built various sorts of martyrs' memorial facilities,such as loyal martyrs shrine,military cemetery,memorial pavilion and memorial city,which are the landmarks of the Anti-Japanese War and are also the symbol of the Anti-Japanese War in Hunan.During the Anti-Japanese War,Hunan Provincial Government issued too many documents for the building of the temple,until 1946 most of the counties(cities)had built the martyrs' shrine.The temple was usually rebuilt from the original temples,where public offerings were held in spring and autumn each year.Moreover,Hunan held some formal and ceremonious public offerings for martyrs,which was not only a tribute to the spirit of martyrs,but also a spiritual mobilization for the people.Whether it was a memorial service for the fallen soldiers or a personal memorial to a senior general,which was formal and involved a large number of participants.In addition to the government-led commemoration,there were also some spontaneous memorial activities.Besides,the government gave comfort to the martyrs'families.For the male-dominated traditional Chinese society,the death of a man is a fatal blow to a family.In view of the life of the survivors,the government reduced the burden of the family tax and paid the survivors several times in succession.Subsequently,the government provided employment opportunities for the survivors.These moves slightly reduced the survivors living pressure,ease social contradictions,and shaped objectively pragmatic government image,which was helpful to maintain and consolidate the Anti-Japanese national united front.Finally,the folk carried out a series of campaigns of martyrs,such as poetry,drama and so on.These propaganda activities integrated the martyr's image into popular culture works,so that the story of martyrs was widely spread,which greatly stimulated the morale of the people.During the Anti-Japanese War and after the war,the commemoration of the Anti-Japanese War martyrs in Hunan is worthy of recognition.However,there are some problems in these commemorative activities.For example,in the payment of pensions,the local powerful person must apply for the contract.For those who were born in poverty,for some reasons,most of them didn't receive the government's pension-Although the government later issued a simplified version of the pension provision,but due to many factors,there was still no improvement and didn't have put them into practice.In the construction of cemeteries for the fallen soldiers,some of the fallen soldiers were not properly rehoused because of funding problems.As for the propaganda of the martyrs,because of the unprecedented tension in the political atmosphere,the prosperity of cultural activities in the early stage of the full-scale war of resistance against Japan collapsed.In the later stage of the War,Hunan became the main battleground of the Anti-Japanese War,where a lot of Anti-Japanese stories had sprung up,most of which were not recorded in poetry or drama.For Hunan,it is a great loss.