| Since the 1970 s,new breakthroughs have been made in the field of translation studies and the“cultural turn” in translation studies emerged.From then on,translation studies were no longer confined to linguistic level.Instead,it was put into the context of culture,society and history.Thus the perspective of translation studies was expanded and a new angle was established.In this process,a variety of theories,including polysystem theory,Skopostheorie,post-colonialism and so on emerged,among which Lefevere’s Rewriting Theory has a special status.It is Lefevere who raised that all translations were rewritten and were manipulated by ideology,poetics and patronage.This point of view highlights the importance of cultural factors in the process of translation and the subjectivity of the translator in translation.Therefore,the culture turn of translation studies was promoted.At the same time,Rewriting Theory also plays an important role in specific translation studies.It not only provides us with ideas to study translation from the aspects of poetics,ideology and patronage,but also effectively explains why translators makes this or that rewriting in the process of translation,why translators use different translation strategies and other specific problems in translation,so that we can have a deeper translation phenomena.The Old Man and the Sea is an American classic published by Hemingway in 1952.Since it was published,great success was achieved.It has been translated into several languages in the world.At present,there are more than 30 Chinese versions of the novel.On the basis of Lefevere’s Rewriting Theory,this thesis tries to make a comparative study on the two Chinese versions of The Old Man and the Sea(Eileen Chang’s version in 1979 and Yu Guangzhong’s in 2010)to exemplify how different ideology,poetics and patronage affect translations,and further study how the translators rewrote The Old Man and the Sea.At the same time,the author tries to summarize the main translation strategies of the two translators.In terms of ideology,this thesis explores the difference of the two Chinese versions from religious words and Spanish words,illustrating how ideological differences in the religious and Spanish words affect the production of translation;then,from different motifs of the two translators,how the differences in poetics affect the two versions is explored;lastly,in trems of patronage,it explores how it affects the translation activities of the two translators.Through a comparative analysis of the two translations,this thesis draws conclusions that ideology,poetics and patronage exert great influences on the two translators.And these factors work together and influence the translators’ translation process.They influence and manipulate translators’ motifs oftranslated texts,choices of translation strategies and degrees of rewriting and rewriting modes.Besides,different translators use different translation strategies and create different translations when translating the same text under different conditions and in this process,the three factors,namely ideology,poetics and patronage play a great role.Through the demonstration,it will help us to make an objective and fair evaluation of the translator and translation,thus deepen the understanding of the translation behavior,especially the literary translation,and strongly demonstrate the practical significance of Lefevere’s Rewriting Theory. |
