Research On The Evaluation Of "the Differenees And Similiarties Between Ban And Ma" In "Shi Tong"

Since the "The History of the Han Dynasty" came out,Ban Biao and his son proposed "Three weakness of Si Maqian" aims at “The Redords of Historian”,and the comparative study of the "The Redords of Historian" and "The History of the Han Dynasty" rose.Scholars before the Tang Dynasty put forward different views on the issue of “the Differenees and Similiarties between Ban and Ma” The mainstream view “Ban Gu is Excellent than Sima Qian”,and Liu Zhiji put forward his own opinion in “Shi Tong”on the basis of summarizing and retaining the opinions of the predecessors.The views of the "The Redords of Historian" and "The History of the Han Dynasty" have many contents and involve a wide range of subjects.This article selects the commentaries on "the Differenees and Similiarties between Ban and Ma" in "Shi Tong" and based on the article-by-item analysis,sorts it into four categories for research,namely the four chapters that appear in this article.The first chapter starts from the aspect of style and explores the view of "Shi Tong" on the arrangement of various parts of "The Redords of Historian" and "The History of the Han Dynasty".Liu Zhiji thinks that the "The Redords of Historian" first created a biographies style,which is a model work,but there are still many incomplete places in it’s“biographic sketches of emperors”,“old and well-known family”,and “collected biographies”."The History of the Han Dynasty" has perfected the style of "The Redords of Historian",but it also has some problems.For example,the deadline is not clear,and the arrangement of bibliographies and calendars is also not satisfactory.Generally speaking,"The Redords of Historian" and "The History of the Han Dynasty" have their own advantages and disadvantagesThe second chapter deals with the question of the praises and demerits.The history of praises and demerits of history books has existed since the “Spring and Autumn Period”.Liu Zhiji advocated the “Five Classics” and thinks we should learn from them,than put forward his own criticisms on the issue of improper defamation and criticism in “The Redords of Historian” and “The History of the Han Dynasty”.This chapter starts from two aspects: the evaluation of events and the evaluation of people.The events are praised and devaluated mainly in the description and evaluation of the events,;the person’s praises and demerits are reflected in the character’s direct description and commentary,or the arrangement of the articles,the arrangement order,etc.to reflect the movements of the characters.Liu Zhiji’s criticism of “The Redords of Historian” is more severe than that of “ The History of the Han Dynasty”.The third chapter analyzes the view of “Shi Tong” on "The Redords of Historian" and “The History of the Han Dynasty” from the narrative level.This part is most closely related to literature,and it can best reflect Liu Zhiji’s viewpoints on history narratives,according to Liu Zhi.Several views are divided into four small sections.First of all,Liu Zhiji advocates historical articles should be simplicity,so Simplicity is the first part;secondly,he thinks that historical articles should be handle well with the hidden part,so it is the second part;once again,historical writing should eliminate false content,which is the third part;the last is in terms of language.He advocates to be appropriate and accurate.Liu Zhiji used these four parts to evaluate the content of the "The Redords of Historian" and "The History of the Han Dynasty".The fourth chapter is to supplement the contents of the previous chapters,and to sort out and analyze the problems that were not involved in the previous chapters.It is divided into two parts.These two parts are the historical conditions proposed by Liu Zhiji and critics of the previous generation’s “the Differenees and Similiarties between Ban and Ma”.From the point of view of his advocating private history and criticizing the previous generation’s “ Sima Qianis Excellent than Ban Gu” viewpoint,he is more inclined to “The History of the Han Dynasty.”The commentaries on the "the Differenees and Similiarties between Ban and Ma" in "Shi Tong" have different opinions on "The Redords of Historian" and "The History of the Han Dynasty" on different aspects.The number of items that reprimanded "The Redords of Historian" and "The History of the Han Dynasty" is also basically the same,but a detailed analysis of Liu Zhiji’s historical proposition can be found in his overall tendency is "Ban Gu is Excellent than Sima Qian".