| Although the book Lin Quan Gao Zhi is short in length,it is a theoretical document that systematically discusses the creation and function of landscape painting.The landscape spirit that Guo Xi summed up in his own landscape paintings is to have a "Heart of Lin Quan,that integrates himself into natural objects,achieving a status of selflessness in which he forgets both himself and the outside world while both merge into one.This article attempts to understand the connotation of "Heart of Lin Quan" to explore the landscape function concept,landscape view theory and landscape creation concept developed by Guo Xi in the process of landscape painting creation.At the same time,by tracing the origin of Guo Xi's painting theory,this article discusses how Guo Xi's painting theory serves as a l-ink in the creation of landscape painting.In addition,this article tries to explore the timeless,constantly updating contemporary value of Guo Xi,s painting theory through the comparison between Guo Xi's painting theory and the French philosopher Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological aesthetics theory.The first chapter of this article discusses the landscape function concept of Guo Xi's painting theory from the origin of ancient Chinese landscape culture and Guo Xi's personal experience.Guo Xi believes that landscape painting has a positive "nourishing" value for people.Whether from the perspective of creators or appreciators,contact with the landscape painting or the real landscape is also a process of obtaining"conditioning" through“Heart of Lin Quan,which brings about"broad-mindedness and happiness" and "pleasure and ease" indicated by Guo Xi.Landscape painting fits with the nature of people's fondness of landscape and connects with that of people's desire to be close to the nature.This kind of work must accommodate all four features:"walkable","watchable","travelable" and "habitable".The second chapter of this article discusses the landscape contemplation theory contained in Guo Xi's painting theory.As an artist or a landscape admirer,you need to observe the landscapes with“Heart of Lin Quan,' when facing the beauty of the natural landscape and discover the fascination of it while experiencing "view variances from all angles"and "sight differences from various distances".You should not only "Be at the landscape and contemplate it." but also experience the "prospect"and "manner" of the landscape:"The mountains in spring are light as a smile and those in summer are verdant as a flow."The third chapter discusses Guo Xi's landscape creation concept.In this part,Guo Xi proposes the key viewpoints such as "concentration","diligence","abundant travel experiences".Meanwhile,Guo Xi proposed the "Triple-far Law" and proposed to grasp the whole landscape with the"Look Far" method,This is not only a distance concept of actual observation,but also a psychological distance between the aesthetic subject and the object and the philosophical sense of ethereal meaning such as "mysterious","far" and etc.as well.Therefore,"far" is like an intermediary,with one end connected with the creation techniques and the other hauling the generation of the creative concept.The painter achieves "Be at the landscape and contemplate it." in the sketch stage and then ensure to have a good knowledge of what to paint in their heart,which is referred to as "vividly listed in the heart" by Guo Xi and then when it comes to the painting process,in order to create outstanding works,the painter should be "serious","diligent" and "focused",able to abandon "laziness","exhaustion" and overcome "slow motion","carelessness" with making every effort.Guo Xi advocates "beyond the view" and the“wonderfulness of the transcendence" of the works,hoping that the artwork can bring the appreciator "lingering charm" beyond the image which can't be achieved without "creation from the mind".While conveying the image of reality,it also conveys a wonderful illustration that does not exist in the picture but is memorable.The fourth chapter of this paper discusses Guo Xi's influence on the history of Chinese landscape painting theory through a longitudinal comparison of Guo Xi's painting theory and other famous painting theories.At the same time,it horizontally compares Guo Xi's painting theory with the French philosophy master Merleau-Ponty's theoretical book Eye and Mind to explore the significance of Lin Quan Gao Zhi in the history of art.In the art of painting,how does a painter present the form of object of observation in his works?How does a painter show his understanding of the spatial relationship between scenes in his works?These two issues are not only the concern of traditional Chinese painting theory,but also an important issue in contemporary western aesthetic theory.When Guo Xi's views in Lin Quan Gao Zhi were compared with Merleau-Ponty's in Eye and Mind,we found that "Heart of Lin Quan"and "Inner Vision" were inextricably linked."Heart of Lin Quan" is just the "Third Eye" that Merleau-Ponty talks about;“Be at the landscape and contemplate it." has similarities with the sketching techniques of westem painting;"Horizontal Far" "Deep Far" and "High Far," as an aesthetic distance,is both physical and philosophical and embodies unlimited charm. |
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