The Effects Of Survival Significance And Ownership On One's Feedback Error-Related Negativitys

The phenomenon of self has been attracting human,and many disciplines take the self as research object,including philosophy,psychology and neuroscience.Over the past decades,many researches have found self-processing biases in memory and attention.Recent studies have found that self-processing biases has a more far-reaching impact: the self-reference effect may exist in any information about self,including ownership.It is found that the individual prefrontal reward system is sensitive to ownership.Specifically,the medial prefrontal reward system has different ways of dealing with winning and losing feedback,but it will not deal with such winning or losing feedback for others.Related brain imaging studies have also found that self related stimuli and rewards can activate many overlapping brain regions.Another clue is that self is closely related to the significance of survival,because the essence of surviva is self related.Previous studies on ownership have chosen common items in shops as experimental stimuli,but without background significance.As the self is also closely related to the significance of survival,this study examines whether or not the significance of survival affects the individual's reward system to deal with ownership and feedback in the context of survival.Moreover,some studies have found that Chinese people's self and mother's representation are in the same brain area.Therefore,this study also examines whether the medial prefrontal reward system can deal with winning or losing feedback for mother.In Experiment 1,a series of pictures(high survival significance pictures and low survival significance pictures)were presented to the subjects under the background of survival.Then a color frame around the picture showed that the subjects were going to gamble for themselves or gambling for zhang san;then the subjects pressed the key,and then the feedback about losing or winning would appear on the screen.The electroencephalogram(EEG)of the subjects was recorded during the experiment.The experimental results show that,under the condition of self clue and high survival significance,the amplitude of feedback error-related negativity wave caused by lose is significantly greater than that of win.But under the condition of self cue and lowsurvival significance,the negative feedback error-related negativity wave caused by win is not significantly different from that of lose.Under the condition of Zhang san,the main effect of feedback(win or lose)is not significant.In experiment 2,the same ownership paradigm was used to present a series of pictures of items.Then a color frame around the picture showed that the subjects were going to gamble for themselves or gambling for mother;then the subjects pressed the key,and then the feedback about losing or winning would appear on the screen.The electroencephalogram(EEG)of the subjects was recorded during the experiment.The experimental results show that,under the condition of self clue and high survival significance,the amplitude of feedback error-related negativity wave caused by lose is significantly greater than that of win.But under the condition of self cue and low survival significance,the negative feedback error-related negativity wave caused by win is not significantly different from that of lose.Under mother's condition,individual's feedback error-related negativity wave response mode is consistent with self condition.That is to say,under the condition of mother clue and high survival significance,the amplitude of feedback error-related negativity wave caused by lose is significantly greater than that of win.But under the condition of mother cue and low survival significance,the negative feedback error-related negativity wave caused by win is not significantly different from that of lose.Finally,two experiments are discussed from the perspective of self and reward system.Feedback error-related negativity originates from the anterior cingulate cortex in the medial prefrontal cortex,reflecting the evaluation of feedback information in the medial prefrontal reward learning system.The reward signal produced in the medial prefrontal lobe is considered to reflect the expected deviation——the difference between the actual and expected results.From an evolutionary perspective,the expected deviation is adaptive to the individual's survival,as the behavior that leads to positive results will be strengthened,and the behavior that leads to negative results will be eliminated.The adaptability of the anterior cingulate may be derived from the extensive neural connections between the region and subcortical regions,resulting in the individual differences in the neural level of different feedback.