Study On Residents' Perception Of Tourism Empowerment And Its Impact In Cultural Heritage Site

Cultural heritage site as a special "place",its local meaning has been constantly deconstructed and reconstructed with the development of tourism.As the owner of the tourism resources and an important part of tourism attraction,the residents of cultural heritage site have made a lot of contributions to the heritage protection and tourism development.However,most of them are in an "Aphasia" state,due to the lack of tourism participation awareness and tourism participation power.And the loss of power is likely to cause the decline or disruption of place attachment,thus affecting the continuation of cultural traditions and the development of sustainable tourism.Therefore,how to enhance residents' perception of tourism empowerment in cultural heritage site,and how to mobilize the positive elements of place attachment to encourage community residents to actively support and participate in tourism development are the key challenges faced by the sustainable tourism development of cultural heritage sites.Based on the thinking of the investigation in communities of cultural heritage site and through the study of both domestic and foreign literature of tourism empowerment theory and place attachment theory,this paper puts forward the relationship hypothesis between cultural heritage residents' perceptions of tourism empowerment,place attachment and their support degree of tourism development,and constructs the influence relationship model of empowerment perceptions,place attachment and tourism development support.The research methods of in-depth interview and questionnaire etc.are used to investigate and evaluate the empowerment perceptions,place attachment and tourism development support of the residents in Wudang Mountain Tourism Economic Zone.The research methods of T test and one-way ANOVA are used to discuss the population difference and spatial difference of residents' perception of tourism empowerment,place attachment and tourism development support.Structural equation model is used to verify the research hypothesis and theoretical model.After rigorous theoretical analysis and normative empirical research,the following conclusions are obtained:(1)In the 4 dimensions of tourism empowerment,the perception of economic(3.82)and psychological(3.45)empowerment of the residents in Wudang Mountain Tourism Economic Zone are relatively high,while the perception of social(3.15)and political(2.66)empowerment are relatively low;In the 2 dimensions of place attachment,the emotional place identity(3.91)of the residents in Wudang Mountain Tourism Economic Zone is stronger than that of the functional place dependence(3.39);The mean value of tourism development support is 3.51,which is generally supported.(2)There are significant differences in residents' tourism empowerment perceptions,place attachment and tourism development support in community space and demographics.The perception of economic tourism empowerment,place dependence,place identity and tourism development support of the residents in Wudang Mountain Tourism Economic Zone all show a decreasing differentiation law of "core area—transition area—peripheral area",while the perception of social tourism empowerment shows a decreasing differentiation law of"transition area—core area—peripheral area";(3)The perception of residents' economic,psychological,social and political tourism empowerment has a positive influence on place dependence and place identity.In the context of Chinese cultural heritage,the perception of economic tourism empowerment has the most significant impact on both place dependence and place identity,the path coefficients are 0.40 and 0.24 respectively;The perception of social tourism empowerment has a more significant impact on place dependence,the path coefficient is 0.25,while the perception of psychological and political tourism empowerment have a more significant impact on place identity,the path coefficients are 0.22 and 0.15 respectively;In the internal structure of local attachment,functional place dependence has a positive impact on emotional place identity;Both residents' place dependence and place identity have positive impact on their tourism development support,and the impact of emotional place identity is stronger than that of the functional place dependence.(4)The conclusions of this paper can not only promote the development of sustainable tourism in Wudang mountain,but also provide useful reference for the management and development of the same type of cultural heritage sites.The main inspirations for tourism management of cultural heritage sites are:Increase residents' tourism revenue and give priority to the economic empowerment;Expand residents' access to tourism participation and focus on strengthening residents' political empowerment;Pay attention to residents'sense of place and enhance residents' cultural value identification.