The Syntactic Study Of The Dingxiang Dialect

Dingxiang dialect belongs to the Wudai language in the Jin language area.In this paper,we choose interrogative sentence,comparative sentence,passive sentence and imperative sentence to study the syntactic study of Dingxiang dialect.Interrogative sentence of Dingxiang dialect is divided into interrogative sentence of both doubts and questions and questions but not doubts.Interrogative sentence of both doubts and questions includes interrogative sentence of wh-questions,alternative questions,yes-no questions and VP-neg questions.Interrogative sentence of questions but not doubts is the rhetorical question in Dingxiang dialect.The interjection in Dingxiang dialect is very rich.There is lia(?),lie(?),lai(?),me(?),yang(?),lia meng(??),lie meng(??),lai lai(??).According to the tone and form,imperative sentence of Dingxiang dialect is divided into eight categories: the imperative sentence,the banned sentence,the advice sentence,the exhortation sentence,the discuss sentence,the discuss not doing sentence,the request sentence,the begging for free sentence.We discuss these eight types of imperative sentences in detail from the syntactic components of imperative sentence(subject and predicate),the feature words(adverb and interjection)and the pragmatic features(the relative status and the language power of the speaker).In the end,there are six idioms of imperative sentences to express the banned meaning in Dingxiang dialect.The passive sentence of Dingxiang dialect is divided into passive sentence of jiao(?),rang(?)and gei(?).We analysis the part of speech,function and grammaticalization to better grasp passive sentence of jiao(?),rang(?)and gei(?).Finally,it can be seen that these three passive sentences have obvious differences in syntactic composition,syntactic structure,semantic expression,use range and frequency of using.Comparative sentence of Dingxiang dialect is divided into theequivalent sentence,the discrepancy sentence,the extremely-compare sentence,the one-by-one-compare sentence.According to the comparative marks,the equivalent sentence can be divided into three types: and sentence,have sentence,catch up with/out sentence.The discrepancy sentence can be divided into six types: than sentence,the negative form of and sentence,have sentence,catch up with/out sentence,rhetorical form of the equivalent sentence and not as�as sentence.The most frequently used comparative mark is the most in the extremely-compare sentence.In fact,the one-by-one-compare sentence belongs to the the discrepancy sentence,because it has a special form,so it can be divided into another category.We also examine six elements of the comparative sentences(comparative subject and object,comparative point,comparative marker,comparative results and the word order of comparative sentence).