Distribution Behaviors Of 3-6 Years Old Children Under Unequal Situation Of Inter-group Resources

Children's distribution behavior refers to that children allocate disposable resources to two other groups or that children allocate disposable resources between their own groups and other groups.Children's distribution behavior is influenced by their fair cognition development.They allocate resources according to a fair principle.Researches show that younger children allocate resources according to equality principle;children's fair cognitive ability has increased with age,they need to gradually allocate resources according to need principle or contribution principle,and ultimately coordinate the three fair distribution principles according to different situations.Children's distribution behavior is also affected by the group membership.Studies have shown that young children exhibit in-group preferences in the allocation of resources,and allocate more resources to their own groups;children make resource allocation decision weighing fairness concern and group concern.In most studies,the development characteristics of children's distribution behavior are explored in the context of the assumption that the recipient has the same resources.But the inequality of social resources is a common phenomenon.In the situation of resource inequality,the observation of children's distribution behavior can better understand the effect of children's fair cognition on their distribution behavior.Moreover,the resources allocation criteria of advantages groups are relatively different from disadvantages groups the resources allocation criteria.The difference between individual distribution behavior and group norm will affect their relationship with the group.Therefore,knowing the standards of group allocation is very important for children's good integration into class.In summary,although studies had explored the developmental characteristics of children's distributive behavior under the condition of resource inequality,and studies had explored the developmental characteristics of children's distributive behavior when children's group resources quantity are in an advantageous or disadvantages position,and the influence of group preference and fair on the distribution behavior,these are not unified in the characteristics of age development.In addition,the SRD model considers children to balance fairness and group influence in resource allocation.So,in order to explore the developmental characteristics of children's distributive behavior under the condition of resource inequality,and the influence of fair cognition and group preference on the distribution behavior,this study uses the dictator game task without peer,recruited 276 children aged 3-6 from kindergarten affiliated to Northeast Normal University,let them complete the allocation task under the 3 allocation conditions in the quiet room.The three allocation conditions are no inner group conditions(allocate resources to two out-groups),advantages in-group conditions(allocate resources between advantage in-group and disadvantage out-group),and disadvantages in-group conditions(allocate resources between disadvantage in-group and advantages out-group).And the results show that,1)3 years old children' distribution behavior was influenced by fair cognition,but compared to fair cognition,their distribution behavior was more influenced by in-group preference;2)4 years old children' distribution behavior was influenced by fair cognition,and their distribution behavior is not influenced by group preference;3)5 and 6 years old Children' distribution behavior influenced by fair cognition,and;Compared with in-group preferences,the distribution behavior of children aged 5 and 6 was more influenced by fair cognition.