On The Early Wittgenstein's Theory Of Relation

In Tractatus,Wittgenstein makes a strict distinction between formal relations and real relations,arguing that only external relations(real relations)can be said,while internal relations(formal relations)can only be shown,and thus dispelled ingeniously the debate is whether "all relations are internal or external." obviously,This is a direct response to the debate between Bradley and Russell on the issue of relations,and their core question about the relations between internal and external relations is whether the relations is real.Of course,this profound disagreement is further manifested in the debate between Wittgenstein and Russell and the nominalist and realist interpreters on the relations is whether or not the object of Tractatus.Further,both sides of the argument are either based on realistic position,or they are based on semantic standpoint.They try to establish a connection between language and the world or between linguistics and ontology.The pictures theory in Tractatus can naturally be regarded as a perfect example of the relationship between language and the world.According to Wittgenstein,the meaning of the proposition can be divided into two parts: the syntactic meaning of the proposition and the semantic meaning of the proposition.The pictures theory of the proposition is established according to the semantic meaning of the proposition.Similarly,according to the syntactic meaning of the proposition,It is possible to establish a language system that is independent of reality,self-sufficient,coherent,and closed systems.From the semantic presupposition of the proposition,there is indeed a debate about whether the relations is an entity or the reality of relations.But in terms of the logical syntax of propositions,such arguments are misguided.After all,it does not presuppose that the language system is completely separated from the world.At the same time,Wittgenstein explains and regulates the order of the world from the coherent language system.logical constants inherent in and dependent on our self-conhenrent language system.Therefore,relations are not entities and logical constants do not represent anything.In the sense of Tractatus,the relations between names and names,objects and objects is only the way of combination of various names,a configuration of various objects.To be precise,the relations is that only can be showed,but cannot be named the way of connection or configuration between things and things,also is the logical form of structural entities such as the elementary propositions and facts.The logical form of the elementary propositions and state of affairs can only be shown themselves or display them in the way of combination of names.Similarly,there is no thing represented by a logical constant,and the logical relations between the elementary proposition and the elementary proposition,the situation and the situation can only be shown in the logical structure of the complex proposition.It can be said that Wittgenstein's important task is to affirm the existence of relational facts without recognizing that properties and relations are independent metaphysical entities,and interpret the structur of characteristics of structural entities such as elementary propositions and state of affairs under the circumstances.That is,how the names are actually linked together to form a complete,unified elementary proposition,and how the objects in the state of affairs are logically linked together to form a unified whole.Furthermore,the logical structure or logical form of a complex proposition is interpreted without acknowledging the independent existence of a logical constant,that is,the logical relations between the elementary propositions,and the logical relations between the states of affairs and the states of affairs.ultimately,these questions relate to how Wittgenstein deals with the independence of relations and logical constants.On the one hand,Frege and Russell regard the relations and logical constants as independent metaphysical entities from Platonic realist position.Wittgenstein put forward a profound critique of this approach.On the other hand,he logically analyzes the elementary propositions and simple objects as logical atoms on two different levels.He thinks the independence of the logical constants and traces back to the elementary propositions.Similarly,The thinking about the substantiality of the relations leads to thinking about simple objects.