Influence Of Spatial Position Of Stimulus On Temporal Order Perception

Time and space are the dimensions in which things exist.They are inseparable.Time perception is the present of perception,and it is the perception of continuity and sequence of time.Time perception is of great significance to the survival and development of individuals.Temporal order perception is an important part of time perception.As with other perceptions,temporal order perception is not objective but is influenced by many factors.Space is one of them.In the past,the study of spatial position impact on temporal order perception found that both American and Spanish participants tend to perceive that the left stimulus appears earlier than the right stimulus,while the Hebrew native speaker does not have this effect.There is currently a lack of research in this area in China.The study of the coding effect of spatial-temporal association of response codes found that Chinese people not only have a mental timeline from left to right,but also have a mental timeline from top to bottom.Therefore,this study wants to explore the influence of spatial position of stimulation on temporal order perception in the horizontal and vertical direction in the context of Chinese culture.Study 1 used TOJ paradigm,SJ paradigm,and dual-task paradigm.The white rectangle was used as the stimulus material.SOA was 0,±30 ms,±60 ms,90 ms,and 120 ms.Explore whether spatial location affects temporal order perception.It was found that in the TOJ paradigm,the effect of spatial position on temporal order perception was significant.In the horizontal direction,subjects tended to perceive that the left stimulus appeared earlier than the right stimulus;in the vertical direction,the subjects tended to perceive top stimuli appeared earlier than down stimuli.In the SJ paradigm and the dual-task paradigm,the influence of spatial position in the horizontal direction on temporal order perception is not significant;while in the vertical direction,subjects tend to perceive the top side of the stimulus to appear earlier than the down side of the stimulus.Study 2 further explored the stability of spatial position effects on temporal order perception.In Experiment 2a,the white circle was used as the stimulating material,and the TOJ paradigm was used to change the visual field of the stimuli.The horizontal direction was divided into the left side of the fixation point and the right side of the stimuli,and it appeared on both sides of the three levels.It was found that when the stimuli occurred simultaneously on one side,the influence of spatial position on temporal order perception was not significant.Only when the stimuli appeared on both sides,the subjects perceived that the left stimuli appeared earlier than the right stimuli.The vertical direction is divided into the upper side of the fixation point and the lower side of the fixation point at the same time.The three levels appear on both sides.It was found that when the stimuli were presented on both sides and simultaneously on the lower side,the influence of spatial position on temporal order perception was significant.Subjects tended to perceive that the upper side stimuli appeared earlier than the lower side stimuli when the stimuli were present on the up side.At that time,the effect of spatial position on temporal order perception was not significant.In Experiment 2b,the white circle was also used as the stimulating material.Using the TOJ paradigm,the distance between the stimuli was changed and divided into three levels: distal(25cm),medium(15cm),and near(5cm).It was found that in the horizontal direction,when the stimuli were far away,the subjects tended to perceive that the stimuli on the left side appeared earlier than the stimuli on the right side.When the stimuli were separated closely or at a medium distance,the influence of the spatial position on the temporal order perception was not Significant.In the vertical direction,when the distance between the stimuli is medium,the effect of spatial position on temporal order perception is significant.Subjects tended to perceive that the upper stimuli appear earlier than the lower stimuli.When the distance between the stimuli is closer or farther,the influence of spatial position on temporal order perception is not significant.In Experiment 2c,red and green circles were used as stimuli and TOJ paradigm was used.The response of the subjects was divided into two situations: position response and color response.It was found that in the horizontal direction,when the subjects were asked to respond to the location of the stimulus,the influence of the spatial position on the temporal order perception was not significant;when the subjects were asked to respond to the color of the stimulus,the spatial position was perceived by the time.The effect was significant.Subjects tended to perceive that the left stimulus appeared earlier than the right stimulus.In the vertical direction,regardless the response to the position or the response to the color,subjects tended to perceive that the upper side of the stimulus appears earlier than the lower side of the stimulus.Based on the above research results,this study has obtained the following conclusions:(1)The spatial position influences the temporal order perception.In the horizontal direction,the sensory stimulus on the left side appears first,and in the vertical direction,the sensory stimulus on the upper side appears first.(2)The effect of spatial position on temporal order perception is affected by the experimental paradigm,and the effect on the TOJ paradigm is the greatest.(3)The influence of spatial position on temporal order perception is unstable in the horizontal direction,the visual field that is stimulated,the distance between stimuli,and the adjustment of the participant’s reaction patterns.