Daily Writing Of Stele School Calligraphers In Qing Dynasty

This thesis focuses on the daily writing of the calligraphers researching stele study.The concept of“daily writing"refers to writing in daily life for various practical needs.The opposite is the writing for the art of calligraphy.Although this concept is not very accurate,i t has been accepted by most researchers.We will explain this point in the first chapter.There are three chapters in my paper.In the first chapter,I expound the concept of“daily writing”and its history.Regarding the concept of“daily writing”,the views put forward by Mr.Qiu Zhenzhong are basically followed,and the arguments of other researchers are also sorted out.Along with the development of the words and the culture of calligraphy,The history of "daily writing"is divided into two parts:daily writing before the Han Dynasty and“daily writing”after the Wei and Jin Dynasties.I analyze the formation of the"beixue”(a rubbing of a stone inscription usually as a modal for calligraphy,which called“beixue”in Chinese and stele study in English)and“tiexue”(called traditional calligraphy in English)and the separation between the“daily writing”and the calligraphy in tablet study in the second chapter.Ruan Yuan,a calligrapher in Qing Dynasty,argued Chinese calligraphy consists of the northern area as well as southern area,and the calligraphy from southern area is expert in traditional calligraphy in which the strokes of the words are reduced.It shows that the“tiexue”is actually a work of art produced in the“daily writing”· Different from the traditional writing,tablet study is a school of calligraphy researching inscription and the words carved on stones.Because of the special use of the tablet,it is usually necessary to make special treatments in writing and engraving to present solemn appearance.This kind of calligraphy has traces of deliberate"production"rather than"daily writing”· The calligraphers researching stele study learn from it,so their calligraphy deviate from the daily writing style.In the third chapter,I compare the artistic creation with"daily writing" of the calligraphers researching stele study in the Qing Dynasty.I select He Shaoji,Zhao Zhiqian and Kang Youwei as examples for discussion.In the long-term practice of calligraphy,they have in-depth exploration of the inscription and words carved on stones,pioneering contribution to the development of stele study.The calligraphy creation and "daily writing"of three calligraphers are different in style.It can also explain the deviation of the stele calligraphers'artistic creation from“daily writing”.