The Opposition Between Man And Society In Kafka's Novels And Its Artistic Expressions

Great changes have taken place in the western social environment and humanistic thought in the twentieth century.Everyone seems to be carrying a heavy iron fence.How can people escape from the prison? The first thing,of course,is to figure out where you are.Kafka's creation began with his keen insight.He began with himself and went deep into every corner of society.He carefully excavated every inch of land.Compared with traditional literature,Kafka's unique reflection of the theme of opposition between man and society is that he turned his vision to the interior and focused on the absurd experience of existence.He insists that only absurdity can achieve the purpose of alertness,and absurdity is more easily believed in aesthetic consciousness.Deformation,exaggeration,paradox,fantasy and so on,Kafka uses these means of expression to arouse readers' absurd experience.However,no matter what form and expression means are,Kafka's works always revolve around "human" and reflect the opposition between human and society.The theme of Kafka's works is always the problem of human nature exposed by human beings in modern society.Kafka always regards writing as his lifelong mission,as a means of salvation,as a scapegoat for human beings,not only to let people realize the real reality,so Kafka is not only exposing,but also more importantly undertaking,Kafka pays more attention to the Enlightenment of the recipients.As an artist,he repeatedly directs only a few words that can touch the reader in the uncertain literary world,and the reader must act on his own in order to realize the philosophy of action that Kafka's works want to convey.Kafka never completely abandoned the ideal world.His hope for modern people is that,like a series of persistent actors such as K and Amaria,only by actively defining self-worth,resisting predicament and constantly improving their spiritual strength can we truly get rid of the painful situation and reach the world we desire.The paper is divided into five parts:The introduction part consists of three parts: the background of the topic selection andthe research significance of the topic,the domestic and foreign literature review,research ideas and research methods.This paper combs the research results of Kafka from different perspectives,and basically determines the topic of this paper-on Kafka's social criticism and its artistic expression.Chapter one deals with the father with unlimited power and the son with weak spirit.Kafka's father,as the king of Kafka's spiritual world,has a direct connection with Kafka's punishment psychology.Kafka expresses the psychology of punishment through the artistic techniques of distortion and exaggeration,and tries to get a small living space under the powerful father in the process of distortion and exaggeration.The second chapter discusses the paradox of human existence under the rule of public power.In the era of Kafka's life,the dictatorship of social public power was arbitrary.Kafka's description of people's fear and futile living state reflected the serious persecution of people by public power.In this regard,Kafka put forward the philosophy of action of pursuing and self-identification,which positively faced the predicament.Chapter three discusses that the absurd society and lonely individuals.Kafka uses the artistic technique of dreams to reveal the reality that people try to escape through dreams.Everyone has become a lonely "vagrant",while some people take the lead in uncovering the surface of dreams,looking directly at reality and actively seeking change by rushing left and right in the "dream".Chapter Four discusses the innovation of Kafka's artistic concept from the perspective of the opposition between society and human beings.Kafka agrees with the social criticism that fiction should have.However,on the theme of how to express the antagonism between man and society,Kafka is different from traditional literature.On the basis of insisting on realism,By using innovative artistic techniques,it profoundly reveals the serious opposition between modern society and human beings,thus deepening the theme of "human" in Western literature.