A Study On The Remains Of Small And Medium-sized Housing Construction In Yin Xu

Based on systematic analysis of relevant archaeological materials,this paper studies the remains of small and medium-sized houses in Yin Xu by means of archaeological stratigraphy,typology and settlement archaeology.And,this paper is divided into nine chapters.The first chapter is the introduction.Firstly,this paper defines and clarifies the related concepts of Yin Xu and its culture,small and medium-sized housing construction,and time and space scope,and makes a simple analysis of the academic history.At the same time,it points out the deficiencies in previous studies,and on this basis,puts forward the research significance and research methods of this paper.The second chapter is the discovery and confirmation of the small and medium-sized housing construction remains.According to incomplete statistics,the number of housing construction remains found in Yin Xu is at least 611,among them,there are at least 392 small and medium-sized housing construction remains.It can be divided into four regions,namely,the northern of HuanHe river(excavated HuanBei mall),the HuanBei mall,the southern of HuanHe river and the outer area of Yin Xu.The third chapter is the classification of housing construction remains.According to the plane shape can be divided into square,circular,irregular and other types;According to the building foundation,it can be divided into rammed earth foundation building,ground building and underground building.According to the wall structure,it can be divided into rammed earth wall,wood-bone mud wall and pit wall.According to the housing area can be divided into medium-sized housing,small-sized housing and micro-sized housing.The fourth chapter is the study of construction procedure and technology.The construction procedures of rammed earth foundation building and ground building are mainly divided into three steps: First,excavation of foundation groove,construction of house foundation and wall foundation;Second,build walls;Third,the house capping.The construction procedure of underground building can be divided into three steps: The first is to excavate the underground part;Second,build walls;Third,the house capping.In the process of building construction,ramming construction technology,wall construction technology and ground and wall treatment technology are used.The fifth chapter is the research of architectural layout.This chapter is dividedinto two aspects: external layout and internal layout.The external layout mainly refers to the location and distribution characteristics of small and medium-sized houses remaining in Yin Xu settlements,while the internal layout mainly refers to the internal layout of buildings and individual buildings.The sixth chapter is the research of architectural function and resident identity.According to the different functions of architecture,it can be divided into residence,handicraft workshop,tomb building and others.According to the shape and size of the building,the resident identity represented by the building is divided into aristocracy and bureaucracy,civilian class and lower class.The seventh chapter is the research on the development and characteristics of small and medium-sized housing construction remains.The development and evolution of small houses in Yin Xu from the first period to the fourth period are reflected in various aspects such as architectural layout,architectural classification and architectural functions.The eighth chapter is the social life analysis reflected by the small and medium-sized housing construction remains.To some extent,the remains of small and medium-sized houses in Yin Xu can reflect the settlement development,cultural exchange,hierarchy and ethnic composition of Yin capital.The ninth chapter is the conclusion.This chapter summarizes the full text.