Hu Xiansu's "Anti-evolution" And Literary Criticism

As a scientist,Hu Xiansu has always insisted on the creation of old-style poetry,and has unique views on Tang and Song poetry,Late Qing poetry and May 4~thh poetry in literary criticism.Tish stems from his different understanding of“evolutionism”and“literary history”.This critical practice and literary view examine the May 4~thh literary literature from a unique perspective,ponder on the essence of modernity and explore the path of new literature.It provides a new way of thinking for us to understand and feflect on the May 4~thh literature.Chapter one:the origin of Hu Xiansu's“anti-evolution theory”.The anti-evolution theory he advocated emphasizes the separation of organism and social evolution and the“nature”of the evolution process,which is not beyond the category of“evolution theory”in essence.What the anti-evolution word wants to achieve is to seize the power of dialogue and to gain a glimmer of vitality for traditional literature.Hu xiansu's unique view of evolution originates from his acceptance of Western ideas under the influtence of new education on the one hand,and his adherence to tradition ender the influence of family culture and Tongguang poetry school on the other.Chapter two:Literary Review in the Perspective of Anti-Evolutionism.Hu first commented on the poems of Tang and Song Dynasty,Late Qing Dynasty and May 4~thh Movement.He believed that Song's poens exhausted the skills of the old-style poems and needed to introduce western techniques to instill new era connotations and create a new era of poems.The potes of the lata Qing Dynasty,represented by Zhang Zhidong,paid attention to the style of Qing qie in their poems,and pursued the aim of“Song Yi into Tang Ge”.Hu xiansu insists on the moral,elegant and implicit beauty of poetry,and absorbs the western elements.On the basis of criticizing Hu Shi'spoetry theory and creation,he puts forward the path of new poetry:vernacular classical Chinese can be integrated into poetry,freedom and restriction are parallel,metrics and elegance are isomorphic,morality and aesthetics are in line.Chapter three:Hu Xian's view of literary history and its methodological significance.Influenced by the thought of"anti-evolution theory",Hu Xian believed that the movement law of Chinese literary history did not evolve in a single line towards vernacular literature,but took classical Chinese literature as the orthodoxy,and there were both evolution and change in the movement.The motive force of evolution lies in the demand of the times and the inherent demand of literary development.The way to promote the evolution of literature lies in reform,and in literature it combines imitation with creation.Hu Xianqian's literary criticism is influenced by his literary historical view in practice.He adopts a method of criticism that combines a positive attitude with a historical perspective.On this basis,the modern significance of Hu Xian's thought is also presented.The concluding part evaluates Hu Xiansu's thought of“anti-evolution theory”and ponders on the“binary opposition”mode in evolution theory.