A Comparative Study Of Shipeng Tomb And Tomb Covered By Big Stone In Liaodong Peninsula

The Liaodong Peninsula is located in the southern part of Liaoning Province,and the central part is mountainous.It is composed of low mountains and hills,and there are also a large area of floodplains along the coast.Its geographical position is better and the climate is comfortable.It is a temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest zone with abundant water resources and mineral resources.Therefore,the Liaodong Peninsula is suitable for survival and development of human all the time.The shipeng tombs and the tombs covered by big stone in the Liaodong Peninsula have their own characteristics.After introducing the main relics and types of them,this paper further analyzes their distribution situation,shape,age,unearthed artifacts,ethnic groups,burial customs and method.Besides,The types of tombs covered by big stone in the southeast region of China,the spread of the tombs covered by big stone culture in China,and the original relations between the tombs covered by big stone in the southeast region of China and the tombs covered by big stone in the northeast region of China are also summarized and discussed in this paper.This paper consists of three parts: preface,text and conclusion.The main contents of the preface are:(1)the research status of the shipeng tombs and the tombs covered by big stone in the Liaodong Peninsula of China;(2)the existing problems,objectives and methods of this study.There are four chapters in this paper.The first chapter "The Shipeng Tombs of the Liaodong Peninsula" mainly introduces the structural characteristics,relics and related legends of some representative shipeng tombs such as Dalian shipeng tomb,Ximucheng shipeng tomb and Yingkou shipeng tomb.Besides,this chapter summarizes the types of shipeng tombs.The shipeng tombs are widely distributed in the Liaodong Peninsula and can be divided into three types: large,medium and small.The second chapter,"The Tombs Covered by Big Stone of the Liaodong Peninsula" introduces the structural characteristics,relics and unearthed artifacts of the important tombs covered by big stone such as Biliuhe tomb and Shuangfang tomb.Besides,this chapter summarizes the types of the tombs covered by big stone in the Liaodong Peninsula.The tombs covered by big stone of the Liaodong Peninsula appear in groups,and the shape of them varies.They can be roughly divided into four types: tombs covered by slate,stone masonry tombs covered by big stone,pit tombs covered by big stone and pinner tombs covered by big stone.The third chapter "Comparative Analysis of the Shipeng Tombs and the Tombs Covered by Big Stone in the Liaodong Peninsula" compares this two kinds of tomb forms from six aspects.Firstly,the distribution locations of the excavated shipeng tombs and the tombs covered by big stone were summarized,and the reasons for the survival and development of the ancient ancestors in the Liaodong Peninsula were analyzed from the perspective of the natural environment.The distribution of the shipeng tomb and the tomb covered by big stone is roughly the same,most of which are concentrated in the southern part of the Liaodong Peninsula,and a few are located in the northeast.Second,according to the characteristics of the two kinds of tombs,this paper analyzes the structural differences and construction methods between them.The chambers of the shipeng tombs are mostly located on the surface of the earth,and the construction is relatively fine.The chambers of the tombs covered by big stone are mostly below the surface,and the fabrication of the wall stones and the cover stones is relatively rough.Thirdly,according to the use of the typology principle and the cross dating method combined with the unearthed artifacts of the shipeng tombs in the northeast region,this paper infers the chronological relationship between the shipeng tomb and the tomb covered by big stone.The age range of the shipeng tomb is probably from the late Neolithic period to the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty.The age range of the tomb covered by big stone is probably from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the Warring States Period.Fourth,this paper summarizes the artifacts unearthed in the two kinds of tombs and explains the differences between them.The shipeng tomb and the tomb covered by big stone have a common burial object combination,but the burial objects of the tomb covered by big stone are more abundant than the shipeng tomb.Fifth,according to the records of the migration route and distribution range in the ancient literature,this paper infers the ethnic groups who use two kinds of tombs.The users of the shipeng tomb and the tomb covered by big stone should be Mo.Sixth,this paper analyzes the construction method and scale of the shipeng tomb and the tomb covered by big stone and discusses the burial customs and methods of this two kinds of tombs according to the traces of fire found by archaeologists.The users of the shipeng tombs use the burial method of the second burial.The users of the tomb covered by big stone use the burial method of keeping for up to less than two people.The funeral customs of both are cremation.The fourth chapter,"Other Related Issues Concerning the Shipeng Tomb and the Tomb Covered by Big Stone",firstly introduces the mainly relics and types of the tombs covered by big stone in the southeastern part of China.Then,by comparing the shape and artifacts of the tombs covered by big stone in the northeast and southeast regions,this paper analyzes the original relationship between them.Furthermore,the issue of spread of the tomb covered by big stone culture in China was speculated.The tombs covered by big stone in the southeastern region are mainly concentrated in Zhejiang province,and their shapes are diverse.The tombs covered by big stone in the northeast and southeast have similarities,and they are all distributed in the coastal areas of China.The straight-line distance of them is not very far,so they might have a same source.According to the current archaeological data,the tomb covered by big stone culture may be from the sea,which initially reaches the southeast coast of Zhejiang and the Liaodong Peninsula on the northeast coast,and then radiates outward.The conclusion part summarizes all the contents of the text,and clarifies the differences between the shipeng tomb and the tomb covered by big stone in the form,age,ethnicity,burial customs and methods.Besides,the original relationship of the tomb covered by big stone in the Liaodong Peninsula and the southeastern part of China combined with the spread of the tomb covered by big stone culture in China have been inferred in this paper.