A Study On Gongsun Long's Theory Of Names

At the end of the warring states period,Our country began to transform from the slavery society to the feudal society.The society was changing economically and politically.The constant wars between various vassal states led to the widespread mismatches between name and essence in society.Gongsun Long put forward his own theory of "names" in view of the incongruity between the social name and the essence at that time.Gongsun Long's theory of "names" includes the theory of " rectifying of names " and the theory of " using of names ".Gongsun Long puts forward the basic concepts of the theory of "rectifying of name" that is "object","essence","position","integrity","name" and "indication".Gongsun Long discusses the method of " rectifiying of names" that is" you can use the right to correct the wrong " and " you can't use the wrong to doubt the right".Gongsun Long also discussed the standard of "rectifying of name" which "depends on each other".Gongsun Long emphasized the tenet of " rectifying of name" which "examining the name and reality,and being careful about the so-called".Gongsun Long's theory of "using names" is a concrete application of his theory of "rectifying of names".Gongsun Long's theory of "using names" contains argumentation of three propositions: "white horse is not a horse","hard white stone is two" and "no two without one".Among them,the argumentation of "white horse is not a horse" is the main argumentation and the argumentation of " hard white stone is two " and the argumentation of ""no two without one " are the evidence of "white horse is not a horse" argumentation.The value of Gongsun Long's theory of "names" is embodied in three aspects: analyzing the concept from connotation and extension,discussing the basic rules of formal logic,and using multiple forms of argumentative reasoning.Gongsun Long's theory of "names" laid the theoretical foundation of ancient Chinese logic and played an important enlightening role in the combination of traditional culture and modern science and technology culture.