Kuei-feng Tsung-mi's Theory Of The Convergence Of Ch'an And Teachings

The core proposition of Tsung-mi's interpretation of the origin of Ch'an is harmony meditation."Harmony meeting" is different from "unity" and "integration".The original intention of living in secret is to emphasize the importance of Ch'an,to rationalize the development of Ch'an,and to limit and guide the healthy development of Ch'an.It is not to advocate the equality of Ch'an and Buddhism,nor to teach Ch'an,nor to "teach to suppress Ch'an".Tsung-mi's thought of harmony society made full use of the theoretical framework of the theory of one mind and two schools of thought.On the basis of sincerity,Tsung-mi focused on analyzing the differences of various schools,pointed out the basis of harmony society,and proposed three kinds of Ch'an and three kinds of religious harmony society.This paper consists of three chapters.The first chapter introduces Tsung-mi and his times.Tsung-mi studied Confucianism since childhood,and studied under his teachers He Ze Dao Yuan and Hua Yan Cheng Guan as adults.All these experiences had an important influence onTsung-mi's Ch'an education and thought.Tsung-mi lived in the middle tang dynasty,which was a period when Buddhism developed towards pluralism and integration.The pluralism and open atmosphere of The Times provided an opportunity for Tsung-mi's thought of Ch'an Buddhism and association,which was challenged by the situation of the separation of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.The second chapter analyzes Tsung-mi's thought of Ch'an religion and association in detail from three aspects: the background of Ch'an religion and association,Tsung-mi's judicatory and judicatory,three kinds of Ch'an and three kinds of judicatory and association.The foundation of Ch'an education and association lies in the fact that Ch'an education has the same origin,and the current situation of conflict between Ch'an education and Buddhism is that Ch'an education is different from each other.Then,Tsung-mi divided the various sects of Buddhism in the tang dynasty into three sects and three sects,and defined and explained them one by one.On the one hand,while analyzing the differences of the three kinds of Ch'an,they will make peace and integrate the former one.On the other hand,when the three kinds of Ch'an and three kinds of teaching are discussed,the harmony between the former one and the former one is also discussed.Form a low to high,from the shallow to the deep,until the full collection of Ch'an and will be the system.The third chapter analyzes the characteristics of Tsung-mi's interpretation of various sects,his characteristics of three kinds of Ch'an and three kinds of religions,his expression way from simple to deep,self-speaking and self-reading,and progressive layers.It also discusses the limitation and historical influence of Buddhism and Buddhism.