The Intervention Study On Decreasing The Intergroup Anxiety By Group Counseling

Emotion is considered as a key factor in interpersonal interaction.In contact with familiar individuals or groups,people often have a comfortable and security feeling;and in contact with unfamiliars,will have some fear,doubt,anxiety feelings.A large number of studies have shown that intergroup anxiety can bring negative effects on intergroup relations,such as avoidance of contact,negative intergroup attitudes and stereotype.In the mixed schools,for the Han nationality students,the minority students are the typical outside group,while for the minority students,the Han nationality students and other nationalities are the typical outside groups.The process of their contact,anxiety will be awakened due to the lack of other ethnic understanding,and may cause a discrimination and negative expectations,showing fear,cautious,suspicion and defense attitude towards each other,more seriously may appear the attack mode.This is not only detrimental to the development of their physical and mental health,but also endanger the unity and common development of all ethnic groups.Contact has been regarded as one of the most effective ways to promote intergroup relations in the field of Psychology.Positive intergroup contact is an important factor in improving intergroup relationships(Pettigrew,Tropp,Wagner,& Christ,2011).This study will be based on the theory of intergroup contact,through the study of group counseling intervention,increase direct contact with each ethnic students opportunities to reduce intergroup anxiety,improve the National Students' positive intergroup attitudes.In study one,a questionnaire survey was conducted to randomly select 334 senior high school students from a minority middle school in Northwest China,of which there were a total of Han students and a total of 217 Tibetan students.To explore the relationship between intergroup contact,intergroup anxiety and intergroup attitudes,and intergroup anxiety mediate the relationship between intergroup contact and intergroup attitudes.Results showed that the quantity of contact and intergroup anxiety have significant differences in the nation;Tibetan students' quantity of contacts and quality of contact have significant differences in residence,the quantity of contacts of Tibetan students living in the minority inhabited areas is less than that of the Tibetan students living in the mixed area,but the contact quality is higher;For the both Tibetan students and Han students,the quantity and quality of intergroup contact was positively correlated with intergroup attitudes;the quantity and quality of intergroup contact was negatively correlated with intergroup anxiety;intergroup anxiety was negatively correlated with intergroup attitudes;intergroup anxiety plays some intermediary role in the relationship of intergroup contact and intergroup attitudes.Study two used group counseling intervention,forty students with low intergroup anxiety were selected,students of the Han nationality and the Tibetan nationality were 20,were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,the group counseling program was based on the theory of intergroup contact.In the experimental group,two group counseling sessions were conducted weekly,and a total of 8 group counseling sessions were conducted.The control group did not do any counseling.The 8 group counseling has a significant effect on reducing students' intergroup anxiety.The conclusions of this study are as follows:1.The intergroup anxiety is widespread among Tibetan students and Han students;2.Different residence of intergroup contact level of Tibetan students have significant differences,the quantity of contacts of Tibetan students living in the minority inhabited areas is less than that of the Tibetan students living in the mixed area,but the contact quality is higher;3.Intergroup anxiety plays a partial mediating role between intergroup contacts and intergroup attitudes,and positive intergroup contact can effectively reduce intergroup anxiety and improve positive intergroup attitudes;4.Through group counseling intervention,can effectively increase intergroup contact level,reduce intergroup anxiety,and improve the positive intergroup attitudes furtherly.