The Research On The Group Of Officials Of The Ministry Of Criminal Justice In The Jin Dynasty

The Jin Dynasty was the northern national political power established by the Jurchens.After the founding of the Nation,the Jurchen rulers gradually established a central political system with ethnic characteristics in accordance with the old system of the Tang and Song Dynasties.After the reform of Xizong and Hailing,the central government system of the provincial and ministerial systems was finally established.The Criminal Department,as one of the six departments under the jurisdiction of the Central Committee,was in charge of national judicial affairs.The Jin Dynasty Criminal Department was an important part of the Jin Dynasty judicial system.The Jin Dynasty criminal officials were important implementers and participants of the Jin Dynasty rulers to maintain their rule and promote the rule of law.This paper reveals the characteristics of the officials of the Jin Dynasty Criminal Department through the analysis of the nationality,origin and official performance of officials of the Jin Dynasty Criminal Department.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the full text is divided into three chapters.The first chapter was the establishment and development of the Criminal Department of the Jin Dynasty.At the beginning of the establishment of the Jin Dynasty,the system was implemented in the central government,and the country's arrogance was the highest judicial organ of the country.The new system of Xizong Tianzhu and the reform of Hailing King were important nodes in the establishment and development of the Criminal Department of the Jin Dynasty.The institutional setup of the Criminal Department of the Xizong Period was shaped.The Hailing Wang period's criminal department was in a more perfect period.There are constants.The establishment and development of the Criminal Division of the Jin Dynasty was a process in which the Jurchen rulers continue to absorb the advanced political system and political culture of the Central Plains.The second chapter was the ethnic composition and birthplace distribution of officials of the Criminal Department of the Jin Dynasty.For the purpose of safeguarding the Jurchen rule and wooing the Han people,the Jurchen officials of the Jin Dynasty accounted for the majority of the Jurchen and Han nationality.Among the 38 criminal books,18 were Jurchen,accounting for 47.36%;16 were Han,accounting for 42.1%;Among the 29 officers of the Ministry of Punishment,there are 8 Jurchens,accounting for 27.58%;12 Han Chinese,accounting for 41.37%.There are relatively few incumbents in other ethnic groups.In the distribution of the origin of the Jin Dynasty,the officials mainly belonged to the original Song area,accounting for 33.33%;followed by the original Liao area,accounting for 28.57%;followed by the Liaodong area,accounting for 23.8%,and the number of other areas was small.This phenomenon is mainly caused by the different political status and economic and cultural differences established at the level of Jin Dynasty Road System.The third chapter was the official performance of the official officials of the Jin Dynasty.The official officials of the Jin Dynasty's criminal department had the imperial examinations,shakubu,reinstatement,and employment.A total of 34 criminal officials have been admitted to the Ministry of Justice.Among the 19 Han Chinese,16 are enrolled in the imperial examination,and 6 of the 11 Jurchens are in the shadow.Into the official,and the number of hereditary,returning,and entering the company was less.As the highest judicial body of the Jin Dynasty,the Ministry of Criminal Affairs has higher requirements for the cultural literacy of the officials.Therefore,the number of officials who had entered the official criminal department through the imperial examinations was the largest.Most of the officers of the Jin Dynasty's criminal department were appointed by local officials.Officials of the Jin Dynasty Criminal Department had many experience in judicial work before they serve,which was of great benefit to their better work after they move into the criminal department.There were 19 people who moved into the official position and 13 people who moved in the middle of the class.Among the 31 people who moved out of the official ranks,15 were promoted,and 5 were promoted to the consuls.It can be seen that the officers of the Jin Dynasty's criminal department had a greater chance of promotion.And have the opportunity to join the center and become a governing official.From the point of view of grades,more than half of the officials of the Ministry of Justice will be higher than their official positions in the Criminal Department.This part of the total number of officials was 20,accounting for 52.63% of the total number.Among them,Wei Shaowang also has experience in the criminal department.Among the 20 officials who were promoted,there were 8 Jurchens who continued to serve in the center,and none of the 5 people in the place were Jurchen officials.It can be seen that as the founder of the minority regime in the Central Plains,the Jurchen will give more preferential treatment and attention to the officials of the nation.