Chen Que's Theory Of Human Nature

Chen Que is indeed an important philosopher at the time of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.He lectured on mavericks and did not rely on it.He shocked the ideological circles at that time with shocking remarks.Chen's academic thinking is his personal solution to the problems of the times.His three representative works-THE BLIND SAYING,debate on THE GREAT LEARNING and A BOOK OF FUNERAL have the inner relationship of one body and two uses,that is,they use the human monism as the outline of the purpose,and attack THE GREAT LEARNING as Buddhism,Reforming funeral ceremonies is a concrete practice item.Therefore,as the cornerstone of Chen's philosophical system,the theory of human nature embodied in THE BLIND SAYING especially reflects the ideological characteristics.This thesis carefully combs Chen Que's theory of human nature from four aspects:First,as far as the background of the times is concerned,Chen's theory of human nature is not only a reflection of the trend of "emotional liberation" in the civil society of the middle and late Ming Dynasty,but also the result of the "dematerialization" turn in the context of the evolution of neo-confucianism.Secondly,as far as the subject matter is concerned,Chen against the premise of adhering to Mencius's goodness of character,opposes the practice of Song Confucianism that divides humanity into two parts of nature and temperament.He believes that qi,qing and cai are all human nature's content.Evil comes from the acquired learning,and the realization of goodness can be realized by "expanding the best",which undoubtedly has a strict logical architecture system.Thirdly,in terms of time-honored practice,Chen did inherit the mind-study traditions of Wang Yangming and Liu Zongzhou,and traced the ideological resources of Confucius,Mencius,THE BOOK OF CHANGES and THE DOCTRINE OF THE MEAN,through the integrity of the body,the integration of knowledge and action,and The well-changed moral practice provides a solid guarantee mechanism for its humanity theory.Fourthly,in terms of ideological value,the realistic concern of "there is no desire to be holy" contained in Chen's theory of human nature embodies the recognition of the body as the subjectivity of existence,and has exemplary significance in the academic thoughts of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.And with reference to Western phenomenology represented by Merle Ponty,we may be able to discover the modern values in it.The theory of human nature in modern China has experienced the three stages of the reintegration of Cheng Zhu Li Xue,the presentity of Lu Wang Xin Xue and the nature of Ming and Qing dynasties.The essence of human nature on the occasion of Ming and Qing Dynasties,represented by Chen Que,is that the ontology is based on the dual theory of Lu Wang's one-dimensional theory,and Cheng Zhu's subtle theory is used to eliminate the simple appearance of Lu Wang.On the basis of two-way criticism and inheritance,he try to achieve a higher degree of comprehensive innovation.The purpose is to bring the transcendental world to the real world,in order to better adapt to the birthday of the people of the modern society.