The Transcendence Of Marx’s Thought Of Human Nature Over The Western Abstract Theory Of Human Nature

Human problems are eternal and always new.Throughout the history of western philosophy,philosophers in different periods have explained this problem respectively,but in the end,they all fall into the dilemma of abstract human nature.The root is that the rationalist tradition of western philosophy separates the dynamic things that belong to human reason in the study of human beings,makes them independent,and becomes the dominant and eternal thing.Therefore,people’s rationality and sensibility are separated,the real life of people is forgotten,and people become "one-way" people.On the basis of critically inheriting the abstract theory of human nature,Marx completely reversed the previous cognitive direction of "reversing" human nature,made human perceptual activities return to human itself,revealed the true meaning of human nature,and realized the "Copernican Revolution" in the field of anthropology.Through the theoretical "source exploration" of the theory of abstract human nature,this paper makes clear the root of the abstract human nature;On this basis,by studying the theoretical transition of Marx’s view of human nature from abstract to reality,this paper excavates the transcendental content,method and value of Marx’s view of human nature to the theory of abstract human nature.The details are as follows:The first part is the introduction.This part mainly introduces the original intention and value of studying Marx’s thought of human essence to surpass the theory of abstract human nature,and deeply understands the contribution of Marx’s thought of human essence to the development of individuals,society and nature in the new era from the two dimensions of theory and practice.In addition,it introduces Marx’s human nature and its transcendence over the abstract theory of human nature,the research status,research methods and innovations at home and abroad.The second part mainly explores the Western abstract theory of human nature,combs and discusses in detail the ancient Greek natural philosophy,the medieval Christian theory of human nature and the modern western theory of human nature,and reveals why the abstract theory of human nature is the root of abstraction.The third part mainly discusses the theoretical transition of Marx’s thought of human nature from "abstract" to "reality".This chapter divides the evolution process of Marx’s thought of human nature into four stages: germination,turning,maturity and enrichment.It discusses Marx’s initial recognition of Western abstract human nature theory,his questioning of abstract human nature after contacting reality,and finally his criticism and Transcendence of abstract human nature after thinking in his study.Finally,it makes a theoretical interpretation of why Marx’s thought of human nature is realistic.The fourth part mainly discusses the transcendence of Marx’s thought of human essence to the theory of abstract human nature.This chapter expounds the transcendence of Marx’s thought of human nature to the theory of abstract human nature from two aspects: specific content and thinking method.Firstly,the transcendence of Marx’s thought of human nature over the theory of abstract human nature is the transcendence of practical and overall way of thinking over species and one-sided way of thinking;Secondly,the transcendence of Marx’s thought of human nature over the theory of abstract human nature is the transcendence of human practical activities over speculative rationality,and the transcendence of human specific generative essence over abstract ready-made essence.The fifth part mainly discusses the transcendental value of Marx’s thought of human essence to the theory of abstract human nature.This paper discusses the transcendental value of Marx’s thought of human nature to the theory of abstract human nature from the two dimensions of theory and practice.Firstly,it studies the transcendence of Marx’s thought of human nature over the theory of abstract human nature,which provides theoretical guidance for the analysis and criticism of non Marxist thoughts;Secondly,studying the transcendence of Marx’s thought of human nature over the theory of abstract human nature is conducive to strengthening the people’s position,human position and the basic position of harmonious coexistence between man and nature based on "real man" in the practice of the new era,and providing a way to solve the development dilemma of contemporary man himself,man and man,and man and nature.