Research On The Rhythm Theory In Chinese Modern Poetics

Rhythm theory has become an important issue in Chinese modern poetics.Combing with the Chinese modern poetics and the interpretation of rhythm in the Journal of Republic of China,the paper will systematically explain the rhythm theory of modern Chinese poetry from the aspects of the development of the rhythm theory,the argument of the rhythm theory,the new expansion of the rhythm theory and the value of the rhythm theory.The discussion of rhythm theory in Chinese modern poetics mainly focuses on three periods: First,in the 1920 s,Hu Shi,Guo Moruo,Wen Yiduo and Rao Mengkan and other poetry theorists discussed the rhythm of "syllable" "emotion and rhythm" and "metrical".Second,in the 1930 s,Liang Zongdai,Luo Niansheng,Lin Geng,Ye Gongchao,Zhu Guangqian and many other scholars took the "Ta-Kung Daily"and "New Poetry" as their positions and continued to explore the rhythm theory.During this period,academic achievements were abundant,such as Luo Niansheng's rhythm theory,Ye Gongchao's language rhythm theory and Lin Geng's natural rhythm theory.In addition,the controversy between Zhu Guangqian and Luo Niansheng about the definition,rhyme and tune of rhythm is also a noteworthy achievement in this period.Third,in the 1940 s,the study of rhythm theory was further expanded and deepened.Zhu Guangqian discusses the nature of rhythm,the difference between poetry and music rhythm,the analysis of rhythm and rhyme of Chinese poetry in the "Poetics".Sun Yutang,Zheng Si,Wu He,Ying Cunzhao,Huang Jizhi and other theorists have studied rhythm from the aspects of the comparison of new and old poetry,rhythm characteristics,rhythm and emotion,rhythm and poetic lines.The argument of the rhythm theory mainly refers to the debate on rhythm between Zhu Guangqian and Luo Niansheng in 1930 s.Zhu Guangqian and Luo Niansheng argued about the rhythm theory,discussed the definition of rhythm and the factors related to rhythm,analyzed the rhythm characteristics of Western poetry,and compared the rhythm theory of Chinese and Western poetry.Although there is no consensus in the debate,their rational analysis and persuasive arguments show the intellectual charm of the rhythm theory of Chinese modern poetry.The rhythm theory of modern poetry has made new theoretical development in the recognition of emotional rhythm,the different pursuit of natural rhythm by liberals and metricalists,and the exploration of vernacular poetry language rhythm.First,the recognition of emotional rhythm: In rhythm theory of modern poetic,most theorists have explained the relationship between emotion and rhythm.And the typical ones are Guo Moruo's theory of "intrinsic rhythm",the relationship theory of "rhythm and emotion" of Zhu Guangqian,Wu He,Huang Jizhi,etc.,emotion and rhythm have become a special concern in modern poetics.Second,the pursuit of natural rhythm: in the rhythm theory of modern Chinese poetry,the Liberals represented by Hu Shi,Kang Baiqing and Guo Moruo,etc.,believe that "natural syllable" or "natural revealing of emotion" is the natural rhythm of new poetry.Wen Yiduo,Rao Mengkan and other new metrical schools believe that metrical itself is the "nature" of poetry rhythm.Although there have had fierce confrontation between liberals and neo-metrical school,the proposition of rhythm theory is not completely opposite.Third,the exploration of language rhythm: The rhythm of language varies naturally with the language used in old and new poems.The exploration of language rhythm of vernacular poetry is the focus of modern poetry theorists.When they talk about language rhythm,they compare language rhythm with other rhythms,such as: Zhu Guangqian compares language rhythm with music rhythm;Ye Gongchao compares language rhythm with Lyric rhythm;Sun Yutang compares language rhythm with chanting rhythm,etc.In addition,the contemporary scholars' debate on emotional rhythm,the construction of the vision of "the rhythm of breath" based on natural rhythm and the different evaluation of Wen Yiduo's theory of "three beauties" formalism are still vivid manifestations of the characteristics of modern poetic rhythm theory.The Rhythm Theory in Chinese Modern Poetics can guide the creative practice of Chinese new poetry.It has drawn lessons from western theories and research methods,it not only injected new quality into modern Chinese poetics,but also laid a theoretical foundation for the discussion of the rhythm theory of modern Chinese poetics after the founding of new China,which has great value and significance.The Rhythm Theory in Chinese Modern Poetics has important theoretical guiding significance for the creation of new poetry.Wen Yiduo guided his poetry creation through the principle of "three beauties" of metrics,and the poem"Dead Water" became a model of metrical poetry.The theory of New Metrics in the 1930 s not only had an important guiding significance for the poetry creation of the New Metrics School at that time,but also liberal poets began to pay attention to the rhythm of poetry in their creation.The rhythm theorists of Chinese modern poetics,who have learned from home and abroad and conversant with ancient and modern learning,have taken the active absorb and learn from the western poetics theory or have carried out the modern transformation of the traditional Chinese rhythm theory by using the western physiology,psychology and other research methods,which has injected new quality into the Chinese poetics theory and opened up a new outlook of the Chinese poetics theory.In addition,the discussion on rhythm by Chinese modern poetry theorists,especially the rhythm theory of the neo-metrical school,laid a theoretical foundation for the in-depth study of the rhythm theory of poetics after the founding of new China,and had an important influence on the study of the rhythm theory of contemporary poetics.