Studies On Word Formation Of Taiyuan Dialect

Taiyuan dialect in Shanxi province belongs to Jin dialect of Chinese.Taiyuan dialect is rich in words,and its word-formation has its own characteristics.This paper takes Taiyuan urban dialect as the research object and takes those words of Taiyuan dialect which are different from Putonghua as the research scope to study the word formation of Taiyuan dialect.Word-formation is a method of studying the internal structure of words in a language.The word-formation of Taiyuan dialect can be roughly divided into four categories:phonetic means,syntactic structural means,morphological means and rhetorical means.There are two kinds of phonetic means:onomatopoeia and phonetic changes.According to the different phonetic changes within the word,portmanteau word and divided-sound word are two types of phonetic changes.Syntactic structural means can be divided into five types:subject-predicate,verb-object,complement structure,modifier-core structure and joint structure.Morphological means have overlapping form and additional form,and according to the parts of speech after overlapping,duplication contains the overlapping of nouns,verbs,adjectives and other parts of speech.The additive type can be divided into three categories:prefix,infix and suffix according to the position of the affix.The rhetorical way have four types:metaphor,exaggeration,metonymy and euphemism.Compared with the four kinds of word-formation methods,phonetic changes,duplication and addition have the most prominent dialectal characteristics.Among them,portmanteau word,divided-sound word,overlapping forms of adjectives and affixes“?”?“?”?“?”are word-formation's phenomenon which are quite different from Putonghua.They generally have strong productivity,a large number of forms and high frequency of use,which are worth further study.