| The suffix er(Er-Wei)and retroflexed suffixation(Er-Hua)are widely distributed and frequently used in the Anzhou sub-dialect of Mianyang Chinese,which is not very common in other Chinese dialects.Observations in this paper have shown that in Anzhou dialect some words have both the form of Er-Wei and Er-Hua,some words have only the form of Er-Wei,and some words only have the form of Er-Hua.Er-Wei and Er-Hua have special relations and constraints of co-occurrence in the Anzhou dialect.This thesis obtained first-hand data about the phonology of Anzhou dialect through field work,including its retroflexed ryhme system and tone sandhi pattern of two-character combination.And then it compared the realization of tones and the distribution of vocabulary regarding Er-Wei and Er-Hua.It is found that Er-Wei and ErHua are realized with different types of neutral tone patterns,and the lexical distributions of Er-Wei and Er-Hua comform to the characteristics of lecical diffusion.In the Anzhou District of Mianyang City,we invited 68 native speakers of different ages and genders to participate in our picture-naming experiment in Anzhou dialect.Results of the experiment further confirmed our previous phonological findings that ErWei and Er-Hua are undergoing lexical diffusion,as distributed in the three stages of unchange(U),variation(V)and changed(C)in Anzhou dialect.In addition,taking the finals with Er-Wei and Er-Hua of mao li(kiwi)and du qi(navel)as examples,starting from the vowel trajectory of tip,we pointed out a phonetic difference between the two that the finals with Er-Wei have a more obvious deceleration of tip compared with the finals with Er-Hua.This thesis consists of six chapters.Chapter 1 is an introduction,which briefly introduces the history,population,ethnicity and language of Anzhou District in Mianyang City,and summarizes the previous studies on Er-Wei and Er-Hua.Chapter 2 introduces the predecessor's survey of the phonology of Anzhou dialect at first,followed by the phonology and the Er-Hua system of Anzhou dialect that we investigated.In chapter 3,we analyze the tone sandhi in Anzhou dialect and identified three types of phonological tone sandhi,namely simplified,dissimilative and neutral sandhis,as well as the phonological-grammatical sandhi which is conditioned by syntax,stress patterns and lexical diffusion,based on our induction and analysis of the fieldwork data.Furthermore,we identified three types of neutral tones in Anzhou dialect: autonomous tone-category neutral tones,non-autonomous tone-category neutral tones,and non-autonomous tone-pitch neutral tones.In the first part of Chapter 4,we compare the tone sandhi patterns of two-character combinations and three-character combinations with Er-Wei,and two-character combinations with Er-Hua in Anzhou dialect based on the two-character tone sandhi patterns,and analyze the tonal realizations of Er-Wei and Er-Hua.We point out that the tone of Er-Wei is either an autonomous tone-pitch neutral tone or a non-autonomous neutral tone,while Er-Hua does not maintain any phonological staus for its own tone,which only influence the vowel realizations of the coda,nucleus,and even glide of its prior syllable.In the second part of Chapter 4,we come to the conclusion,according our in-depth discussion about specific examples,that the Er-Wei and Er-Hua emerging in Anzhou dialect are residues of sound change caused by the lexical diffusion.During the process,the suffix er and its prior syllable turn into one syllable through contraction.In chapter 5,we examine the recordings of 68 native speakers of Anzhou on the Er-Wei and Er-Hua forms,as carried by 34 words through the picture naming experiment.The findings demonstrate the conclusions of chapter 4 on the stages of sound change and the rules of evolution about Er-Wei and Er-Hua in Anzhou Dialect.What's more,a phonetic difference between the two is found based on the tip trajectories of the finals with Er-Wei and ErHua of mao li(kiwi)and du qi(navel).Chapter 6 is a summary of this thesis. |
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