Investigation And Research On Nengren Temple Grottoes In Renshou Sichuan Province

Nengren Temple Grottoes is located in Nengren Village,Zhongnong Township,Renshou County,Meishan,Sichuan Province,and was listed as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units in 2013.There are 25 niches in existing niches and 10 inscriptions on inscriptions,which are distributed in a zigzag form from west to east,with large scale,rich theme,exquisite carving and good preservation.Through field archaeological investigation,this paper compiles a general record of grottoes,and then makes a detailed study on the chronology and subject matter of grottoes,and finds out the age and stage of Nengren Temple grottoes.In the comparative study with the surrounding grottoes,the historical position and value of Nengren Temple grottoes are expounded.The existing niches in the Nengren Temple grottoes were excavated as early as the Tang Dynasty,flourished in the five dynasties and continued to the Song Dynasty.Through field investigation,combined with historical documents,using archaeological methods,this paper analyzes the scale of niches and the form of image combination.It is found that Nengren Temple grottoes are mainly medium and small niches,and the shape of Nengren Temple grottoes is dominated by outer inner circular arch double-layer niches.It can be divided into three periods: late Tang Dynasty,five dynasties to Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty.Statues include Sakya demons,Lions,Monks,18 Luo Han and Hua Yan,all of which are Buddhist themes.For some of the subject matter of the image source,artistic features and so on.The preliminary discussion is compared with the similar images at home and abroad,among which the more important Sakyaku niche,which has a large number of images and exquisite carvings,is the largest shop of the same kind of images in China,which is very storytelling.Eighteen Luo Han is a relatively rare statue theme in the early Song Dynasty,and the statue of the Jing block is also more special in the same shrine as the monks.At the same time,for the first time,the digital technology is used in the research and protection of Nengren Temple grottoes,PhotoScan software is used for multi-view 3D imaging,UAV is used for low-altitude aerial survey,and Global Mappe and other software is used to construct the site and 3D modeling of relics.Through Pano Rama Tools software combines photos with digital panoramic images.The preliminary application of digital technology can improve the efficiency of investigation,improve the accuracy of surveying and mapping,provide substantive function for the construction of digital information database of grottoes,and provide complete materials for the protection and development of grottoes in the later period.Sichuan-Chongqing area is one of the important areas of grottoes distribution in China,and Nengren Temple grottoes are one of the typical representatives of Sichuan-Chongqing grottoes.By comparing with the grotto statues in northern Sichuan,eastern Sichuan and western Sichuan,this paper probes into the relationship between the statues,and understands the image source and historical status of Nengren Temple grottoes.Nengren Temple grottoes continue to absorb and integrate the external grottoes art,but also have a certain impact on the surrounding grottoes statues.Through its continuous development and evolution,it has formed a unique artistic style and occupies a special historical position in the art of Sichuan and Chongqing grottoes.