The Research On Fromm's View Of Freedom

Freedom is the theme that people have been trying to pursue in old times.People's desire for pursuing and dreaming of the freedom becomes the power to push forward the society to advance and progress.Fromm starts from reality and reveals the psychological mechanism of escaping freedom and tries to find a solution to the dilemma of human beings,which is on the basis of critically inheriting the thoughts of predecessors and through the discussion of modern people's living situation of pursuing freedom and escaping freedom.Fromm's view of freedom is not only inseparable from his unique experience,but also related to the background of the times.The former mainly refers to depressing confused childhood.The latter includes the two world wars,US-Soviet struggle for world hegemony,the capitalist economic crisis and recovery,the influence of Nazism and fascism and other major events.From the theoretical origins,Fromm's view of freedom is greatly influenced by Freud's psychoanalysis theory,Marxist alienation theory,Marxist theory of free and all-round development of human beings and the tradition of Jewish culture.Fromm's view of freedom analyzes the process of individuals in practical activities from pursuing freedom to escaping freedom from both historical and psychological perspectives.From a historical point of view,freedom coexists and develops with human society.From the psychological point of view,with the development of politics and economy,modern people are becoming more and more lonely and helpless in psychology.While pursuing freedom,they are trapped in the predicament of escaping freedom.There are three psychological mechanisms of escaping freedom: tendency to abuse and tendency to be abused,destructive desire and mechanical convergence.In order to solve the dilemma of people escaping freedom and liberate people from alienation fundamentally,we need to abandon passive freedom through love and creative labor and achieve the existence of positive freedom.By carrying out socialist public ownership,establishing a democratic system with universal participation and humanistic cultural values,we need to reform economic,political and cultural education,so as to establish a sane society and ultimately achieve the free and comprehensive development of human beings.Fromm's view of freedom inherits the practical spirit of Marxist view of freedom to a certain extent and broadens the understanding of freedom from the perspective of psychology.However,it exaggerates people's psychological function and has a certain idealistic tendency.Because the influence of social production relations is neglected,the reform plan is doomed to be unsuccessful.Even so,Fromm's view of freedom provides a new perspective to analyze and solve social problems.It also has an important enlightenment significance for the construction of socialist core values and harmonious society.