Research On Industrial And Commercial Development And Urban Change Of Wanxian County In The Late Qing Dynasty And The Republic Of China

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,China was in a period of great social turbulence.This drastic change was mainly carried out in cities.Wan Xian is located in the eastern Sichuan Basin.It has abundant resources and convenient water transportation along the Yangtze River.It has been known as the "East Sichuan Gate" since ancient times.Because of its superior geographical position,it was coveted by imperialism.In 1902,China and the United Kingdom signed the Treaty on the Resumption of Commercial Ships between China and the United Kingdom(also known as the Makai Treaty),which opened up Wan Xian as a trading port.After Wan Xian opened its port,the traditional economic structure began to change under the invasion of Western commodities and capital exports.The city economy of Wan Xian has stepped into the threshold of modernization.The War of Resistance Against Japan pushed the modernization of the city economy of Wan Xian to a climax,and made the city of Wan Xian complete the modernization of the modern period.On the basis of absorbing the previous research results,this paper combs and studies the process and context of Wan Xian's urban economic development from tradition to modern times,summarizes the characteristics of this transformation process,reveals the development of Wan Xian's industry and Commerce from tradition to modern times and the impact of economic development on the city,and summarizes the characteristics of Wan Xian's urban development in the process of change.The development of Wan Xian city was after opening up as a trading port,which accelerated the modernization process of Wan Xian city.Foreign trade has created new commercial forces.The development of Commerce has broken the closed structure of Wan Xian city in the past and changed its old layout of urban structure,including the expansion of city scale,the establishment of new commercial centers and the preliminary formation of various functional zones of the city.The outbreak ofthe War of Resistance Against Japan caused a large number of industries and population to move to Wan Xian County,which promoted the further development of urban industry,but also brought new opportunities to the development of Commerce and trade.But the war has also caused great damage and impact on the city,especially the devastating destruction of Chongqing bombing.After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan,factories and population moved out one after another,and urban economic development was stagnating,and urban development began to embark on the path of decline.The development of modern industry and Commerce in Wan Xian promoted the modernization process of the city and strengthened the cultural soft power of the city,which mainly manifested in expanding the scale of the city,improving the urban infrastructure and improving the urban educational capacity.In the process of change,Wan Xian City presents the characteristics of stages,non-autonomy and tortuosity.The development of industry and Commerce in Wan Xian city promoted the modernization transformation of Wan Xian city,and completed the transformation from closed backward city to modern port city.