Research On Cui Zifang's "Spring And Autumn" Works

Cui Zifang was a Fuling native of the Northern Song Dynasty.In February of the fourth year of Shao Sheng(1097 A.D.)in the reign of Emperor Zhezhong of the Song Dynasty,the imperial examination system was reformed,the discipline of Chun Qiu was abolished,and the doctoral officer of Chun Qiu in Taixue was abolished.Cui Zifang expressed his objections to the emperor three times,but did not receive a reply.So he retired in Liuhe County(now Nanjing Liuhe),and devoted himself to the study of Spring and Autumn Period.He had exchanges with Su Shi and Huang Tingjian.Huang Tingjian once highly praised his academic ability and moral character.Cui Zifang has three books: "The Chun Qiu Jing Jie","The Chun Qiu Ben Li" and "The Chun Qiu Li yao".There are 12 volumes of "The Chun Qiu Jing Jie",only one volume of "The Chun Qiu Li yao",which is attached to "The Chun Qiu Jing Jie",and 20 volumes of " The Chun Qiu Ben Li",which are included in "Wen Yuan Ge Si Ku Quan Shu".Cui Zifang believed that there were some shortcomings in the research of Chunqiu Sanzhuan and the previous scholars of Chunqiu.So Cui Zifang abandoned Sanzhuan and studied Chunqiu separately,wrote "The Chun Qiu Jing Jie",advocated using "emotion and reason" and "words and rules" to interpret Chunqiu,and also mentioned the missing words in historical books."The Chun Qiu Jing Jie" uses the methods of direct interpretation,sublation of the three biographies,quotation of other books,questioning and interpretation of the Classics,and elucidation of viewpoints by borrowing "people who are good at interpreting the Spring and Autumn Period".Based on the development of time,the "rules of time" summarized by the "examples of Spring and Autumn Period" and the "rules of historical facts" summarized by the "examples of Spring and Autumn Period" to examine the "rules" of the Spring and Autumn Period.The changes and Confucius' viewpoints implied Confucianism's propositions of safeguarding the King of Zhou,the system of Zhou Dynasty and the people-oriented thought,and interpreted the Spring and Autumn Annals in the light of the reality.This book mainly summarizes the "rules of time" in " The Chun Qiu Ben Li ".It divides the whole book into "categories","rules" and "entries" in the way of "classification".There are sixteen categories in the whole book.Under each category,it is divided into "day","month","time","time" and under "time" a number of "entries".In the texts,the doubtful things are interpreted.In essence," The Chun Qiu Ben Li " examines the changes of the rules of action verbs and their meanings with the change of the rules of time.Although the Spring and Autumn Classic Explanation and the Spring and Autumn Classic Explanation occasionally contradict each other in a few aspects,the ideological characteristics embodied in the book are mostly the same as those in the book,and even guide the writing of the book to some extent."The Chun Qiu Li yao" summarizes and interprets the "rules of historical facts" of the Annals,and also interprets some "common examples".This book reflects Cui Zifang's proposition of "correcting the title" and interprets and summarizes the changes of the "rules of historical facts" in the Spring and Autumn Period with the clues of "distinguishing between domestic and foreign","distinguishing between honorable and humble" and "distinguishing between Chinese and Yidi nationalities".Cui Zifang's thought of Chunqiu is systematic and unique.He advocates that interpreting Chunqiu by combining words and rules with feelings and reason is a major feature of his academic thought,and the summary of "rules" is the most comprehensive and systematic compared with the predecessors,so it is also the most characteristic part of his thought of Chunqiu.