A Study On The Imperial Examinations Of Hakka People In Xin'an County,Guangdong Province In Qing Dynasty

Due to the policy of land reclamation implemented by the government in the early Qing dynasty,Hakka people successively came to settle in Xin'an County.At the beginning,they cultivated military fields and took part in the imperial examination as "military household registration",which was different from the "local people" who lived here before the Qing dynasty.With the growth of the Hakka people,and the change of national policy,the contradiction between the locals and the Hakka people in resources and culture also deepens,one of which was reflected in "the dispute of the quotas of imperial examinations",the battle began in 1751,about the year of Qianlong sixteenth,"local people" on the grounds that Hakka people still have household registration in their original residence,they can return to their original residence to take the exam.As a result,they were banned from taking the imperial examination in Xin'an county for 34 years,beginning in 1768,the year of Qianlong Thirty-three.Hakka people argued with the local people until 1802,the year of JiaQing seventh,which ended with the establishment of examination quota belonging to the Hakka people.With the dispute over the quota for imperial examinations as the breakthrough point,analysis of the imperial examination situation of Hakka people.It is learned that compared to the locals,the Hakka people in Xin'an county,before and after the battle for the quota for imperial examinations,was "unsuccessful" in imperial examination except that he could not take the examination for several decades,one of the manifestations is that there is no "elite",and is caused by many factors,including the Hakka people were prevented from taking the imperial examination for 40 years by the local people(In fact,they didn't take the imperial examinations until 1804,the year of JiaQing ninth(1804),affected by Hakka's' own development level,the locals have completely control over local educational resources.In addition,influenced by the change of the international situation,especially the development of western countries in Southeast Asia and North America from the mid-18 th century,a large number of Hakka people flowed to these countries and the number of people taking the imperial examinations decreased accordingly.In a word,by analyzing the imperial examinations of Hakka people in Xin'an County,to realize the survival and development status of Hakka people after they moved to Xin'an County and the changes of Hakka people under the changing international situation.