Research On Chongqing Telecom Industry (1938--1946)

Telecommunications technology is a means of communication,including telegraph and telephone.Its appearance has narrowed the distance between people,improved the efficiency of the economy,and profoundly changed the way of life of human beings and affected social life.Every aspect of it.This paper studies the development of Chongqing's telecom industry during the period of the National Government's relocation.Based on the evolution of time,the paper looks at the development of Chongqing's telecom industry.On this basis,it further develops the development of Chongqing Telecom during the period of the National Government's relocation.Reasons,constraints to the area,and analysis of the impact at the time.The Chongqing telecommunications industry began in the Sino-French War period in the late Qing Dynasty.At that time,in order to timely grasp the situation in the frontier and ensure the smooth flow of military information,the Qing government approved the establishment of the Echuan and Sichuan-Taiwan telegraph lines through Chongqing.The telegraphs that originated in Chongqing were mostly official newspapers.The content of the telegraphs was mostly related to the military situation.There were very few commercial and civilian telegraphs.Until Chongqing opened up,the urban economy was able to develop,and the demand for telegraphs by business people increased.After the development of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,the development of the telegraph industry in Chongqing has begun to take shape.Chongqing's telephone appeared slightly later than the telegraph.At that time,Chongqing's Fufu government considered the military convenience and the inter-agency communication.In 1915,the telephone was installed in the nine districts under its jurisdiction.Although it was limited to internal use,it was also The opening of the Chongqing telephone development thus opened.After that,its development has gone through five periods: the beginning of the period(1915-1926),the public period(1926-1931),the local processing period(1931-1937),the provincial office period(1937-1938),and the Ministry of Communications.Period(1938-1943).Eventually,after the merger of the newspapers in 1943,the construction of telegraph telephones in Chongqing was unified under the co-ordination of the Chongqing Telecommunications Bureau.The full-scale war of resistance against Japan broke out and the Nationalist Government moved to Chongqing in the west.The Japanese artillery fire was transferred to this place.Due to the impact of the war,the development of Chongqing's telecommunications industry is constrained by many factors.Because of the indiscriminate bombing of Chongqing by the Japanese plane,the telecommunications network in Chongqing has been frequently destroyed,and the key equipment required for reporting has also begun to face obstacles.Under the traffic blockade in Japan,the transportation of telecommunications materials has become increasingly difficult.The price is more expensive.At the same time,due to the influx of a large number of military and political organs and the people in the enemy-occupied areas,the demand for newspapers has increased sharply.The shortage of technical talents and the aging of the equipment in Chongqing Telecom have become increasingly prominent.The surge in the military and military power brought about by the war and the problem of the levy of the official military power account made it difficult to balance the revenue and expenditure of the telecommunications sector in Chongqing,thus directly affecting the effective implementation of telecommunications construction.Of course,due to the gradual establishment of the status of Chongqing's political,economic,and military centers,the development of Chongqing's telecommunications industry has also ushered in great opportunities.The role and functions of the Chongqing Telegraph Bureau and the Telephone Bureau are also becoming more and more important.Therefore,after the National Government moved,the level of the Chongqing Telephone Bureau has been upgraded and it has been under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Communications.In particular,after the Chongqing Second Newspaper was merged into the Chongqing Telecom Bureau,its management organization system has been more rationally adjusted,and the telecommunications line network and business have become more sound.The telecom industry in Chongqing has entered a golden period of development.Chongqing Telecom Bureau also attaches great importance to the protection of employees' basic living.Various rewards and welfare systems are also constantly improved.If employees encounter diseases,they can apply for medical subsidies.If employees are unable to go to school due to difficulties,they can apply for education.Loans;there are also coal-fired allowances,food allowances,etc.The implementation of these measures has also greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of employees.With the enthusiasm of employees and the improvement of the level and quality of telecommunications services,Chongqing has gradually become the power center of the rear.Throughout the hard times of the war of resistance,Chongqing's telecommunications sector continually mobilized positive factors,faced difficulties,and exerted its influence in military and economic aspects,ultimately effectively promoting the victory of the war and the economy of the rear region.development of.