Research On Land Economic Thought Of China Society Of Land Administration(1933-1949)

Late 1920 s,Chinese rural faced the dilemma of internal and external problems.Internally,China's rural land problem was severe,.For instance,the land being concentrated,and the conflict between people and land was acute.Externally,after the outbreak of the world economic crisis in 1929,raw materials and agricultural products from capitalist countries were dumped into the Chinese market,squeezing out China's agricultural products.Faced with this background,the Chinese began to explore the way to revive the countryside.Rural construction became an important theme in this period.As one of the representatives of rural construction,the Chinese Land Administration Society began to study the land issue with the purpose of promoting land reform.The main issues of concern to the Chinese Land Administration Society was the ownership of land rights,land rent,and improved land management methods.During the process of explaining Sun Yat-sen's "average land rights" theory,the Chinese Land Administration Society cannot determine which was the correct interpretation of the "average land rights" theory.One was to change land ownership,and the other was not to change land ownership.With regard to the right to use,it was advocated that the tenant farmers obtained the land.After the implementation of land control,the Chinese Land Administration Society advocated that the land should be managed by the state,setting up land administration agencies as the main body.The Chinese Land Administration Society tried to abolish the tenancy system,explaining the reasons and methods for the abolition of the tenancy system.However,the tenancy system cannot be completely abolished in a short period of time.Finally,The Chinese Land Administration Society advocated the improvement of the tenancy system as the task at this stage.solving land rent was an important starting point for the improvement of the tenancy problem.The Land Administration Society of China had carried out reforms in land management,breaking the traditional method of intensive cultivation with one household as a unit,The Land Administration Society of China advocated the establishment of self-cultivated farms for large-scale operations.Supplemented by cooperatives,strengthen the scope of land management.Fostering self-cultivating farmers can expand the area of cultivated land,Increasing production,and catering to the needs of large-scale operation of self-cultivating farms.In the creation andmaintenance of self-cultivating farms,the self-cultivating farmers themselves must have certain economic capabilities.In the traditional method,most tenant farmers or self-cultivating farmers were maintained by usury.In order to change this situation,the Chinese Land Administration Society established a land financial system for self-cultivating farmers The venue provides capital guarantee.The land economics thought of the Chinese Land Administration Society was of great significance in theory and practice.In theory,it provided a theoretical choice for the national government to formulate land policies.In practice,the land economic thinking of the Chinese Land Administration Society had a great influence on Taiwan 's land reform.The rent reduction idea of the Chinese Land Administration Society had contributed to the “Three Seven Five Rent Reduction” movement,.the land finance theory of the Chinese Land Administration Society had promoted the reform of agricultural land in Taiwan.However,the land economic thinking of the Chinese Land Administration Society also had limitations.The tenancy reform was incomplete.the scale of land management was small.and land financial supply was difficult.