The Study On Gan Bao's Philosophy Of Yistudies

Gan Bao,an Yi scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty,with a strong concern for the universe,based on the fundamental way of the universe of yin yang xiaoxi,examined the text of Zhou yi including 64 hexagrams,from the perspective of the whole universe.His interpretion of Zhou yi are mainly from five aspects:guaqi xiaoxi,bagong shici,bagong shiyue,nachen yingqing,five virtues and so on.Gan Bao brought the divination words of the bagong of Jing Fang into the understanding of the classic text of the book of changes.Instead of using the bagong nachen for divination,Gan Bao brought nachen,ganzhi and the five elements and six emotions represented by ganzhi into the image of yao,which deepened and expanded the connotation of the yao,infused the new context of astrology into the original level of learning and Dao,and realized the communication under the tension of learning and astrology,so that Zhou yi constantly shows the new meaning of the text and the new meaning of the times.Gan Bao,with his strict attitude towards the Confucian classics,inherited the spirit of Chunqiu written by Confucius,Shiji written by Sima Qian which embodied the spirit of Chunqiu theory and five elements theory which was opened by Shangshu and accepted by scholars in successive dynasties.Focusing on the blending of Chunqiu theoryand Shangshu theory and Yistudies,Gan Bao put the book of changes which is viewed as the book of the king's book,into the real humanity of life and popularity.This paper is divided into seven parts.The introduction part first gives a brief introduction of Gan Bao's life and his works,and then combs his works.Secondly,based on the existing research results of Gan Bao's Yistudies,this part summariazes from the following five aspects;the academic origin,the methods to explain Zhou yi,Gan Bao's attitude towards image-numerology and meaning-pattern,proving Zhou yi with history,Gan Bao's status and evaluation towards Gan Bao.Finally,the significance of this topic,research methods and innovations of this paper.The first part of this paper is Gan Bao's Yi-image and method to explain Zhou yi.This part mainly expounds that the interpretation of Zhou yi by interpreting yi-image is a major feature of Gan Bao's annotation of Zhou yi.Gan Bao's annotation of Zhou yi inherits various theories of image-numerology and meaning-pattern since Yi zhuan,especially the guaqi xiaoxi,bagong nachen and other image-numerology of Meng Xi amd(?)g Fang in Han Dynasty,and makes his own integration and deepening.Gan Bao's methods to explain of Zhou yi focuses guaqi theory,bagong theory,nachen yingqing theory and five virtues theory.On this basis,Gan Bao makes a systematic interpretation of Zhou yi,so as to inherit Yistudies of Han Dynasty and Confucism of Han dynasty,and elucidate the profound meaning of Yistudies.The second part of this paper is the tian-ren-yi world under the xiaoxi of yin and yang.This part mainly expounds that,on the basis of predecessors,after the rise of Wang Bi's Metaphysical Study of Zhou yi,interprets Zhou yi with guaqi theory,highlighting the core position of qian and kun,reconstructing the universe picture of heaven and man under the waxing and waning of yin and yang,and displaying a colorful world of heaven and man.Furthermore,he interprets Zhou yi with the guaqi theory of other hexagrams besides the twelve xiaoxi hexagrams since Meng Xi and Jing Fang,condenses the connotation of guaqi xiaoxi of these divinations with the twelve xiaoxi hexagrams,and further enriches the heaven and man universe picture under the waxing and waning of yin and Yang displayed in the Zhou yi.In this way,echoed the theory of "one Yin and one Yang is Dao" in Yi zhuan,and revealed that the Dao of yin and yang xiaoxi is the fundamental way of the universe revealed by Yistudies,which continued Yistudies of Han Dynasty and Confucism of Han dynasty.The third part of this paper is changes in the xiaoxi of yin and yang under Bagong's order.This part mainly expounds that on the basis of deepening Meng Xi's guaqi theory,including the twelve xiaoxi hexagrams,Gan Bao focuses on the analysis of the bagong theory of Jing Fang to further his interpretion of Zhou yi and reveal the changes of yin and yang.For Gan Bao,the core of his attention in the bagong system is where the shiyao of bagong sixty-four hexagrams are and what they are accepted.In the context of xiaoxi theory,according to the shici of sixty-four hexagrams in the bagong system and it's attribute of yin yang,so as to presume xiaoxi and lunar month symbolized by hexagrams,which is Gan Bao's preliminary deepening of the study of the bagong theory of the Jing Fang,and also broadens understanding of the xiaoxi theory.The fourth part of this paper is the natural disposition of Qi and the feelings of characters under the circumstances of nachenyingqing.Hexagrams each contain six branches,that is,six Chen.In Jing Fang's view,the twelve chen divinatory symbols are directly corresponding to the five elements.On this basis,Gan Bao integrated the theory of five elements with the theory of yingqing proposed by Yi Feng.In addition to the xiaoxi and lunar month symbolized by hexagrams,he further dug out the more complex and profound yin yang xiaoxi,the five elements circulation,and the feelings of the position,all of which symbolized by nachen,so as to further deepen the study of bagong.It shows the nature disposition and the endowing molding of the character disposition under the yin yang xiaoxi.It shows the disposition space-time field under the flow of Qi,and enriches people's understanding of the three talents of heaven,earth and man and all things in the book of changes.In the way of yaochen's correspondence with the position,the twelve xiaoxi hexagrams,the five elements,the nature disposition and the characters'disposition,in addition to the image of the hexagrams,it reveals a complex and diverse world scene of universe schema in a deeper level,which puts forward the necessity for people to base themselves on the world consciousness,accept the ritual music enlightenment,and realize the ideal life.The fifth part of this paper is about the Yistudies meaning of Zhou Dynasty's history under the five virtues theory.According to guaqi theory,bagong shici,bagong shiyue,nachen yingqing,Gan Bao made a systematic interpretation of the book of changes,and finally revealed the meaning of Zhou Dynasty's history and the five virtues based on five elements theory.His elucidation of "five virtues theory" is not only used to explain the change of dynasties during the period of Yin and Zhou,but also to remind the king that he should not be easy and slack because he won the virtue of to be a king,but should always keep on guard to protect the people.Gan Bao interprets the book of changes with the historical events of Yin Dynasties and Zhou Dynasties,which shows the positive and negative characteristics of the king.The purpose of Gan Bao is not simply to reveal the historical facts,but to show the kingcraft ideality.The sixth part of this paper is kingcraft ideality of Confucianism showed by Gan Bao's Yistudies.Through the annotation of the book of changes,Gan Bao continued the basic spirit of rites and music of the Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty,expressed his kingcraft ideality,and realized the blending between the book of changes,Chunqiu and Shangshu.The Xugua zhuan shows the humanity picture of the universe running through humanity after the creation of heaven and earth.It reveals the gradual appearance of the order of rites and music.It is accepted by Gan Bao and becomes the guiding ideology of his interpretation of the book of changes,Accordingly,in the process of interpretation of the book of changes,Gan Bao clearly reveals the meaning of the book of changes from tiandao to rendao.Zhou yi was originally as book of kings.Under the Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty,it was regarded as the book of kings that reveales the tiandao,rendao and wangdao,and was further regarded as the book of kings who were the first of all classics.According to Gan Bao,the king's way displayed in Zhou yi is that the king obeys the heaven's orders,follows the heaven's way of yin and yang,carries out the politics and education of rites and music,reveres the heaven's way,treats all the people kindly,transforms the world with the humanity's rites and music,and promotes the harmony and order of the world and the harmony between the heaven and the people.With the help of annotation of Xugua zhuan,Gan Bao expounds tiandao and rendao,sangang,liuji,addition to li-yue culture.Gan Bao expresses his expectation to the king.Gan Bao realized the blending between the book of changes and Chunqiu,integrated the tiandao into human affairs,so as to integrate the heaven and man.Furthermore,he mentione "four virtues theory" and "five beginning theory" in the same breath which deepens the king's way of Confucian classics and the expectation of the king,and opens a new interpretation context for the study of the book of changes.At the same time,Gan Bao realized the blending between the book of changes and Shangshu.This is a direct result of his concern for Xiahou Sheng.Gan Bao's concern to Xiahou Sheng mainly focusing on the five elements of his Shangshuxue.Gan Bao connected Shangshuxue with Yistudies,connected the five elements theory of Shangshuxue with the yin-yang theory of Yistudies,and explained the change between Yin Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty with the five virtues based on five elements theory.To sum up,Gan Bao's interpretation of the book of changes,which is based on tiandao and rendao,has realized the communication between between the book of changes,Chunqiu and Shangshu under the tradition of Han Dynasty,deepened the essence of the study of the book of changes,and played an important role in the development of the study of the book of changes.He brought the divination words of bagong which is proposed by Jing Fang,into the interpretation of classic Zhouyi texts,showed the Dao with divinatory,and changed divinatory with Dao,which made it realize the mutual fusion under the tension of Dao and divinatory,opened a new space for the interpretation and development of Yixue,and certainly brought some negative adverse effects,different people with different views,it's up to later generations to make a critical conclusion.