A Study On The Changes Of The Governor System Of Pianyuan In The Early Qing Dynasty

Governor pianyuan was first established in the 27 th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty.After the end of the war,he was soon abolished.During Tianqi,he was re established.During this period,he was abolished and re established.In the second year of Chongzhen,he finally became a long-term official post.In the first year of Shunzhi,the Qing Dynasty set up the governor of pianyuan according to the system of Ming Dynasty.From Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty,the governor of pianyuan served as the "eyes and ears" surveillance place of the emperor,and on the other hand,served as an important information channel to contact the local and central government.On the one hand,the role played by the governor of pianyuan between the central government and the local government has not changed.On the other hand,the domestic situation faced by the rulers of Qing Dynasty and their understanding of the governor system are not exactly the same as that of the rulers of Ming Dynasty.The interaction between the two aspects opened the prelude of the reform of the governor system in the early Qing Dynasty.In this context,with the three years of Kangxi as the watershed,the governor of pianyuan also has a series of changes.First of all,the territory of Huguang is large.It is impossible for the governor of Huguang to strengthen his rule over Huguang on behalf of the emperor.In addition,the current situation in the vast area of Hunan is not stable,and the governor of pianyuan is far away from "pianyuan".Therefore,the Qing government first moved the residence of the governor of pianyuan to Changsha,and at the same time planned the seven prefectures of Changsha,Baoqing,Hengzhou,Yongzhou,Chenzhou,Changzhou,Yuezhou and Chenzhou It is the jurisdiction of governor pianyuan.After Hu Guang divided into provinces,governor Hu Guang strengthened the control over Hubei on behalf of the emperor,and governor Pian yuan strengthened the control over Hunan on behalf of the emperor.At the same time,the Qing government changed the power of governor pianyuan from focusing on military affairs to focusing on administration.This has an important impact on the local social governance and economic construction in Hunan Province,not only promoting the stable development of society,but also strengthening the control of the imperial power over local areas.At present,there are not many researches on the governor of pianyuan in the academic circle,but some achievements have been made,but there is still a lack of detailed research on the governor of pianyuan.In view of this,this paper will focus on the three years of Kangxi as the boundary,through comparative analysis and detailed discussion of the three years before and after Kangxi,to discuss the great changes brought by a series of changes in the three years of Kangxi to the governor of pianyuan.This paper is divided into four parts,the first part is to introduce the setting of the governors in Ming and Qing Dynasty,including the initial setting time of the governors in Ming Dynasty,and how many governors were set in the two dynasties of Shunzhi and Kangxi respectively.Then it discusses the setting time of the governor and the relationship with the central and local governments.Among them,the setting time of governor pianyuan in Qing Dynasty is the first year of Shunzhi or the third year of Shunzhi.In addition,in the section of the relationship with the central and local government,the relationship between the governor and the central and local government is closely related to a series of changes in Kangxi in the past three years.The second part mainly discusses the main sources of the post selection of the governor of pianyuan and the changes around the three years of Kangxi.The third part mainly discusses the changes of the residence and jurisdiction of the governor of pianyuan in the three years before and after Kangxi.The fourth part mainly discusses the transformation of the power of the governor of pianyuan from focusing on military affairs to focusing on administration,because of the impact of these changes on the local society.