A Study Of Negative Response Of "Romance Of The Three Kingdoms"

The Novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" takes the interaction between "Wei Shu Wu" as the main line,which describes the sharp contradictions and conflicts between major military groups,on the one hand,the antagonism formed by contradictions and conflicts reflects in the description of the intense scenes of war,on the other hand,which reflects in the form of language game among subjects by means of language,and one of the ways reflects the language game is that negative response from the respondents to triggers in adjacency pair.In our article,negative response which is according to the semantic and pragmatic relationships between the front turn and the latter turn is caused by that respondents' negation to triggers' discourse or themselves.Among them,negative response embodied in the opposite meaning compared with meanings such as certainty,promise,consent,approval,recognition,confirmation,acceptance,praise,encourage,support,assentation,obedience,awareness and understand.This paper is constructed by methods such as the method which combines the description with explanation,quantitative statistics method and contrast method,and we regards specific negative word"Bu""Fei""Wei""Wu" as formal marks and the basis to divide the structure of the article,so the article main content has five chapters :"Bu"negative response,"Fei"negative response,"Wei"negative response,"Wu"negative response and "combined utilization of different marker".The introduction briefly analyzes the purpose of the research,the basis of the topic selection and the development of related terms,and puts forward the research questions?advantages and rationality of the research perspectives based on the previous research results,defining the research terms,and clarifying the research contents,corpus sources and research methods.Chapter 1 to the chapter 5 are main parts of the paper,whichare mainly described,supplemented by explanation and every chapter is divided according to the length of response,the quantity of the marks and the position of marks.The content of each chapter organization is relatively consistent,which concludes four sections"sentences form containing one mark","the formofcompound sentence and sentence group","multiple marks"and "co-occurrence,continuous use and collocation".At the same time,according to the way to express negation,negative responses with different marks can also be divided into two types:sentence to express negation,relationships between sentences to express negation,in addition,all kinds of negative responses with different marks have degree adverbs,range adverbs,modal adverbs,expression language,body language and other language units to determine negative intensity,therefore,during the description and discussion of the characteristic of different form of negative responses,we will explain the effectiveness and intensity of the negative response.The conclusion summarizes the general form and specific characteristics of the four types of responses including "Bu","Fei","Wei" and "Wu" as well as the mode of "trigger-response",and compares the grammatical features of the using of different markers,the distribution characteristics of responses,and the constraints of role relationship on response effectiveness.In general,from the perspective of the quantity of four types of responses,"Bu"negative response has the largest number in all negative responses in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms,which is more in line with the narrative characteristics of the text.From the perspective of the internal structure of negative responses,the quantity of negative responses which are compound sentence and sentence group is more than the negative responses in the form of a sentence,compound sentence and sentence group contain enough and rich information,after the direct negative response to the content above,the speaker will explain the reason of negation and related background,which embodies the response strategies of speaker in language game.From the perspective of effectiveness of negation,whether negative response is effective or not is greatly affected by emotional changes of listenerand background environment.When the responder is in a superior position in the role relationship,negative response is the most effective,the main manifestation of this effectiveness is that the listener agrees with the content of the speaker's speech,obeys the speaker's command and does not raise objections or refutes.