A Research On The Variation And Change Of The Use Of Affix ?/li³⁵/ In Ji'an Gan Dialect

Ji'an dialect is an important part of Gan dialect,and affix?/li³⁵/is a unique noun suffix in Gan dialect,which is rarely seen in other Chinese dialects.Under the background of the promotion of Putonghua and urbanization,there is more and more frequent contact between different dialects and languages and suffix?/li³⁵/in Ji'an Gan dialect generates great variation and change.Based on variation theory and social identity theory,the study selects 45 native Ji'an people as subjects and collects data by using the methods of recorded interview and observation.Then the statistical analysis of 510 tokens obtained is conducted by GOLDVARB X and Excel?2010?.Three questions are involved in this study as follows:1)What are the variation and change of the use of affix?/li³⁵/in Ji'an Gan dialect?2)What are the social factors that affect the variation and change of affix?/li³⁵/in Ji'an Gan dialect?3)What are the causes for the change of the use of affix?/li³⁵/?The results show that the affix?/li³⁵/in Ji'an Gan dialect has several functions.It can not only express the emotional color of intimacy,but also has the diminutive function,and it can also be a noun sign and form words.Affix?/li³⁵/is usually placed after general nouns and address forms.Due to the effect of Putonghua,affix?/li³⁵/has generated two new variants,which means it tends to be close to Putonghua.In the structure of general nouns+?/li³⁵/,affix?/li³⁵/is gradually replaced by affix?/ts?⁵⁵/.Affix?/li³⁵/gradually disappears in the form of address forms+?/li³⁵/and the corresponding address forms in Putonghua appear.As a whole,the former changes faster than the latter.On the whole,Ji'an residents use more new variants than the old variant.Women use more new variants than men.Youth and children are more likely to utilize new variants than middle and old aged people.Students and company staff turn out to be the main force of employing the new variants,while farmers utilize more traditional form.People with the college education level or above prefer to use the new variants and those with middle school education or below are more inclined to employ new variants than those with senior high school education.Rural residents are slightly more likely to use new variants than urban people,but the difference between them is small.The change of affix?/li³⁵/in Ji'an Gan dialect has the internal cause,such as the economic principle of language,as well as external reasons,such as the influence of social psychology,Putonghua and social development.In this study,the investigation of affix?/li³⁵/in Ji'an Gan dialect is more conducive to people's understanding of the features in Ji'an dialect and drawing people's attention to the features of Ji'an dialect,so as to record and protect the local dialect and culture.Due to the limitation of subjective and objective conditions,the distribution of the sample selected is uneven in some groups.