Hunan Dialect State Affixes Study

The status affix is a kind of pragmatic affix that situated between lexical affix and inflectional affix. The common feature of this kind of affix is it is descriptive; it can also be called pragmatic affix or descriptive affix. The main features are:The structure of root and affix is incompact, the root can be used separately to represent complete meanings; the affix has fixed format and is lack of independency, it can not be used separately; and it has no verily meaning, only describing some kind of status, the written format is not related to its meaning, it just a formation based on pronunciation. In polysyllable word, some affixes are considered syllable, but not morpheme. Status affix has very unique pronunciation regulation and pragmatics meaning. The change of pronunciation and the change of affix are corresponding, forming a corresponding regulation among formation, pronunciation and meaning. The word that contains affix has more emotional meaning, emphasizing on situation status and especially has descriptive feature.This paper illustrated by the example of Changsha and Yueyang dialect,then research the stauts affix of Xiang dialect. This paper analyses and decribes the stauts affix of Changsha,Yueyang dialect systematicly and comprehensively, by the aspects from structure and pattern, pronunciation and semantic, usage and sentence, which discovers that the feature and pragmatics function of the stauts affix of the Xiang dialect. The whole materials in this paper are collected from dictionary,books and daily life. With the survey of social linguistics, and comprehensive and detailed description of the pronunciation, this paper analyses the stauts of Xiang dialect, which with Chinese characteristic of pragmatics angle. The detailed description of Changsha, Yueyang dialect, not only enriched the affix state between dialect research, also full of research of Xiang dialect.