A Study Of Nanjing National Government's Resumption Of Diplomatic Relations With The Soviet Union In 1932

The history of Sino-Soviet relations has received much attention in both the field of history and politics.Since the sign of Sino-Russian Basic Entente on May 31,1924,the diplomatic relations between China and the Soviet Union were formally established,and after that,conflicts between the two countries have never been interrupted.In 1929,the relationship between China and the Soviet Union was broken due to the issues of Middle East Railway and the territorial sovereignty of Outer Mongolia.With the outbreak of the "September 18" incident,the Nanjing National Government,which is implementing the policy of "Resisting foreign aggression after stabilizing the country",suspended its adoption of "Suppressing the Communist Party" policy.And the reason for the National Government's adoption of the policy of "Suppressing the Communist Party" is to eliminate the Communist Party and its remaining forces,so as to build its political image and establish its national authority,and it also intends to resist the Japanese army's further invasion and occupation of Chinese territory to counter the Japanese imperialist aggression.Under the background that it is hopeless in seeking international help,the National Government had to ease the relations with the Soviet Union,and after many mediation consultations,it finally unconditionally resumed diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union on December 12,1932.The Central Political Bureau of the Nanjing National Government's intention to resume diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union is very obvious,which is to contain Japan and ensure that the war of "Suppressing the Communist Party" proceed smoothly,and at the same time implement the policy of "Resisting foreign aggression after stabilizing the country",and this is also the essence of China's resuming diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union in 1932.The paper is divided into four parts: the introduction part introduces the reason and significance of selecting this topic,states the current research situation both at home and abroad,the research methods used in this paper,and finally,it explains the innovation points and shortcomings of this paper.The first chapter introduces the historical background of resuming diplomatic relations between China and the Soviet Union in 1932,and it is the historical issues between China and the Soviet Union that led to the worsening of contradictions between the two countries.With the outbreak of the "September 18" incident,China and the Soviet Union,starting from the overall interests,gradually transformed their relations from "deterioration" to "moderation".And after the outbreak of the "September 18" incident,Sino-Japanese conflicts were intensified,and Japan-Soviet relations got tense,leading to the easing of relations between China and the Soviet Union,and plus the Nanjing National Government's failure to request the League of Nations to intervene in Japan's aggression against Northeast China,the Nanjing National Government's plan to carry out the third suppression of the communist party was forced to suspend.In order to restore stability as soon as possible,the National Government began to make preparations for matters about resuming diplomatic relations with the Soviet UnionThe second chapter specifically analyzes the tortuous process between the "conditional" resumption of signing nonaggression treaty before resumption to "unconditional" resumption.Due to issues such as Middle East Railway and the territorial sovereignty of Outer Mongolia,the decision makers of the South Korean National Government were worried about resuming diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.At the Kuomintang political meeting,the national government opposed the guidelines of the "Resuming Diplomatic Relations with the Soviet Union" and "Allying Soviet against Japan" proposed by the national executive.With the outbreak of the "January 28th" incident,the contradiction between China and Japan has escalated,and the domestic anti-Japanese climax has been surging.Therefore,the National Government had to temporarily adjust its internal affairs to resist Japanese aggression.Regarding the issue of resuming diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union,the Nanjing National Government,out of ideological and international considerations,hoped to sign a nonaggression treaty with the Soviet Union before resuming diplomatic relations,but that was refused by the Soviet Union.Under both internal and external pressure,the Nanjing National Government abandoned the idea of signing a nonaggression treaty and declared an "unconditional" resumption of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.The third chapter mainly analyzes the essence of the Nanjing National Government's policy of resuming diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union,which is aiming at containing Japan through the joint Soviet Union,so as to successfully implement the policy of "Resisting foreign aggression after stabilizing the country ".Its main manifestation is that after the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and the Soviet Union,as there are serious differences between the two sides because of historical issues,the Nanjing National Government has always been implementing the policy of suppressing communist party,therefore,Sino-Soviet relations have been advancing very slowly.And it was until the Lugou Bridge incident that their relationship made significant improvement.