Research Of The Tibetan Buddhism Karma Kagyu Lineage In Europe

After the middle of the 20th century,the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in Europe showed a prosperous situation,and the number of monasteries and believers increased.The Karma Kagyu lineage is a prominent one in the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in Europe.The "Diamond Way"(Vajrayana)founded by the Western Lama Ole.The practice are related to the meditation method,and it is easier to be accepted by the public and widely spread.The successful experience of the Karma Kagyu lineage in Europe tells us that Tibetan Buddhism and other Chinese religions are not only our own religions,they can also develop healthily overseas and play a cultural bridge in the development of the Belt and Road.We need to summarize the experience of Chinese religions in overseas development,find out the reasons why westerners' belief in Chinese religion,the path and the practice of techniques,and continue to promote the development of Tibetan Buddhism in Europe while providing a worldwide spread of Chinese religion.It gives us support in theoretical methods.Based on the theoretical perspectives and methods of ethnological,anthropology cultural communication and cultural acculturation research,this paper starts from the background and development of Tibetan Buddhism in Europe,and explains the development history of the major lineages of Tibetan Buddhism in Europe.Under the premise of explaining the development history and current situation of the major lineages of Tibetan Buddhism in Europe,we focus on the exchange and integration of the Karma Kagyu lineage with the local culture in European communication.It mainly explores the reasons for the smooth development of the Karma Kagyu lineage in Europe and the internal and external conditions,and clarifies the specific path and organizational mechanism of the interaction between the Karma Kagyu lineage andEuropean social culture in the globalization development and informatization,and it summarizes the characteristics and difference of the Karma Kagyu lineage in the development of Europe from those of domestic communication.This article is divided into six parts.The introduction part includes the research origin,research significance,literature review and research methods.The first chapter introduces the background and origin of Tibetan Buddhism in Europe.Tibetan Buddhism spread across Europe for nearly two centuries.With the unremitting efforts of missionaries and Western Tibetan scholars,Tibetan Buddhism has stepped out of the country and gradually became a world-wide religion popular with Westerners.The specific arrangement describes the spread of Tibetan Buddhist lineages such as the Karma Kagyu,Gelug,Ningma,Sakya,and kardang lineages in Europe and the United States.The second chapter begins to focus on the spread of the Karma Kagyu in Europe,describes the origin of the Karma Kagyu in Europe,and analyzes the historical background and current situation of the "Diamond Way".The role of the Tibetan guru and the contribution of Lama Ole Nidal,the head of the Diamond Way,and his wife Hannah Nidal.The third chapter describes the organization and practice of the Karma Kagyu lineage.Focusing on the practice method favored by Europeans---"Meditation Method",through the diversification of the translation of classics,the characteristics of Karma Kagyu in Europe are discussed.The fourth chapter shows the characteristics of the “Diamond Way” in European development and dissemination for decades and the integration of European social culture.The characteristics can be explained from four aspects: adaptability,flexibility,de-locality and secularity,while blending is mainly reflected in art and scientific thought.The last part is the conclusion,summarizing the overall content of the paper,based on the "Westernization" phenomenon of the Karma Kagyu lineage to explore the different characteristics of Tibetan Buddhism in Europe and in the country.The research in this paper finds that the Tibetan Buddhism Karma Kagyu,as a Chinese religion,blurs its original religious nature as a Tibetan and has merged with Western society.As an external religious belief and cultural value,through the strengthening of its own cultural characteristics,it integrates local cultural characteristics to achieve its own localization and promote its smooth dissemination.The conclusion of this paper is that the spread of Chinese religion overseas is an important resource and medium for the development of the Belt and Road,providing a theoretical basis for the study of the international spread of ethnic religions in China.The development of Chinese religion overseas has followed the principle of localization and blending of cultural acculturation theory.It has been rationally developed on the basis of fully absorbing the characteristics of local culture,slowly transforming the cultural content and social life inherent in its believers.The Karma Kagyu lineage has become a part of its culture.