Research On Xia And Shang Dynasty Cultural Remains Of Houbaisi Site, Hebei Province

During 2017-2018,the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics excavated the Houbaisi site located in eastern of Jizhong area area.The Houbasi site can be divided into three phases,of which the first phase of Houbaisi remains are basically consistent with those of the second phase of Yabazhuang site.The discovery of the first phase of Houbaisi greatly enriched the connotation of the second phase of Yabazhuang remains,and provided important materials to fully understand its cultural nature.The second phase of Houbaisi remains are from the early Shang Dynasty,and the remains of this period are currently only found in the central and eastern parts of Hebei Province.The discoveries are of great significance for studying the cultural features of the early Shang Dynasty in Hebei,and the time and mode of northward movement.The third phase of Houbaisi remains are the Shang Culture remains in the late Shang Dynasty.During this period,the Shang Culture had a relatively dense distribution in the line of the central of Hebei,reflecting the trend of spreading the Shang Culture to the north.Through the combination and analysis of stratigraphy and typology,the first phase of Houbaisi is divided into three sections respectively: early,middle and late.The second and third phase of Houbaisi is divided into two sections: early and late.It is the first time to establish a continuous chronological sequence from the Xia to the early Shang period in Hebei region through a single site,and it is the first time to make clear that the lower limit of the remains in the North China Plain during the Xia period represented by the first phase of Houbaisi can be reached the first phase of early Shang.On the basis of the study on the phases and chronology of Houbaisi remains in Xia-Shang,the first phase of Houbaisi is classified into the type of the second phase of Yabazhuang,and the evolution sequence and phases of the pottery of type of the second phase of Yabazhuang are established.The type of the second phase of Yabazhuang is divided into five phases.Discussing the relationship between the type of the second phase of Yabazhuang and other surrounding cultures,in order to grasp the connotation and characteristics of the type of the second phase of Yabazhuang and initially clarify the relationship the relationship with the surrounding cultures.The second phase of Yabazhuang remains are closely related to the surrounding culture,and its own characteristics are also relatively distinct and prominent.It should be a relatively independent type of culture.Bases on the analysis of the third phase of Houbaisi remains in Xia-Shang,combined with other discoveries in eastern of Jizhong area area,discussing the evolution process of Xia-Shang Culture in eastern of Jizhong area area.It is believed that the early Shang Culture might enter the Hebei region along the east bank of the Ancient Yellow River,and establish the western stronghold of Gaocheng station on the south bank of the Hutuo River to control the central and southern Hebei and expand to the north.The influence and control of Shang Culture on the local type of the second phase of Yabazhuang was progressive,and formed the type of Houbaisi of the early Shang Culture.The Shang Culture in the late Shang period was densely distributed in the astern of Jizhong,but no remains of the Western Zhou were found.It is indicated that there might be cultural barriers between eastern of Jizhong area area in the late Shang and early Zhou and the eastern foot of the Taihang Mountain.The Xia-Shang ruins in eastern of Jizhong area area are mostly distributed on the east bank of the Shanjing River and Yugong River of the Ancient Yellow River,and become an important cultural channel connecting the Middle Plains and the North.This channel has no barriers to mountains and rivers,and the communication is more convenient and smooth.Especially in the early Shang period,the relationship between eastern of Jizhong area and the Middle Plains was closer.