Investigation Of Hunan Social Survey During The Republic Of China(1912-1945)

The investigation of modern Chinese society can be traced back to the late Qing Dynasty,but the application of Western social survey theory to social surveys was in the 1920 s and 1930 s.At that time,foreign investigation agencies,domestic government agencies,and scholars all went to various places to carry out investigations,and the social investigation fever formed.The rise of Hunan social survey during the Republic of China was generally synchronized with the whole country,which can be regarded as one of the epitome of social survey at that time.This paper uses the theory of history,sociology and statistics to analyze the Hunan social survey during the Republic of China and make a reasonable evaluation.The Hunan social survey during the Republic of China can be divided into three stages according to the change: the first stage is 1912 to 1927,and the survey theme is �Development of the province's industrial and mining industry�.The social survey during this period is conducive to accelerating the development of resources such as metal mines and coal mines,so as to better meet the needs of related enterprises and promote the development of industry and mining.However,the limitation is that the survey content is not rich,and it is limited to minerals;the number of survey subjects is small,and the survey results are not many.The second phase,from 1928 to 1936,surveyed the theme of "autonomous investigation" and "revival of Hunan." Based on comprehensive surveys,supplemented by special surveys.The comprehensive survey focuses on the population survey,with a focus on land surveys,while thematic surveys focus on industry surveys.In the �Revitalization of Hunan� survey,the survey topics were extensive,and the government and the private sector actively participated.Since Hunan is a large agricultural province,the survey content is still focused on agriculture.The main investigative authorities also issued corresponding regulations to make social investigations gradually on the right track.Overall,the Hunan social survey at this stage is superior to the previous stage in terms of the subject,content,results,and regulations.The third stage is from 1937 to 1945.The theme is �Land Report� and �Service War�.The social survey at this stage is more abundant.It is not like investigating a certain industry or a certain aspect before the war,but Take care of many aspects.In the development of Hunan,it has made significant contributions to the service of the war.The Hunan Social Survey during the Republic of China was led by the Hunan Provincial Government and investigated by the people.They not only provided reference for the policy formulation of the Hunan Provincial Government at that time,but also accelerated the localization process of social surveys in Hunan.At the same time,it also facilitated our deep understanding of Hunan society during the Republicof China.Although there were some local officials' perfunctory responsibilities in the Hunan social survey,the reliability of the investigation was reduced,the political turmoil and the public questioned,the concealed facts and the government's attitudes were repeated,and the social investigation lacked the limitations of three aspects of coherence,but we still could not and completely denied it.