Study About The Conservation And Restoration Of Colored Sculpture Unearthed From The Astana Tomb In Turpan

The Astana tombs are 40 km away from Turpan.They are the public cemetery of the ancient Gaochang Kingdom officials.They have unearthed a large number of precious cultural relics such as colored sculptures,textiles and papers.They are known as the “underground museum”.Unearthed colored sculptures are numerous and rich in content,providing valuable material for studying the ancient art history,social history and cultural history.Astana’s unearthed colored sculptures have been devastating for thousands of years,including pigment layer powdering,pigment layer armor,cultural material limb fracture,broken and other diseases,and need scientific restoration and protection.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:The first part: the material analysis of the unearthed sculpture of the Astana tomb.The stereoscopic morphology and structure were observed by stereo microscope and three-dimensional video microscope.The pigments of Astana sculpture molding were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence analysis,X-ray diffraction analysis and polarized light microscopy.The analysis shows that the structure of color sculpture is: carcass,white powder layer,pigment layer,and the painted pigments are mineral pigments such as azurite,chlorite,gypsum,orpiment,iron red,miniumite,cinnabar.The second part: Study on preservation environment and disease of colored sculptures unearthed from Astana’s tombs.Through the detection and analysis of the cultural relics preservation environment,it can be seen that the temperature of the warehouse is relatively stable,the humidity is low,and the temperature and humidity are mainly affected by external influences.Through the systematic disease investigation,it is concluded that the painted layer and the carcass are covered with dust and mud,the pigment layer is powdered,the pigment layer is cracked,the pigment layer is peeled off,the ground layer is peeled off,scratches,cracks,limb fractures,and broken pieces are broken.More than ten kinds of diseases such as historical reinforcement.The third part: the research on the conservation and restoration of the color sculptures of the Astana tombs.Based on the understanding the sculpture diseases of the Astana tombs,the screening experiments of sculpture conservation materials such as sculpture consolidating,adhesion and binding medium were carried out,and the successful experience of mural painting and color sculpture protection was used for more than ten kinds of colored sculpture diseases.The corresponding protection and repair process has a good protection effect.This work is important for scientifically guiding the protection and restoration of thousands of Astana sculptures and provides scientific data for the protection of colored sculptures in arid regions.