A Study Of The Jingyan Of The Book Of Songs In The Southern Song Dynasty

Jingyan is a special educational activity for the emperor to lecture and interpret history.Because of the relationship between teaching purpose and teaching object,it is relatively conservative in content.The Book of Songs in royal lectures of Southern Song Dynasty was not greatly influenced by the trend of thought of suspecting the ancient order and abolishing the ancient order at the same time.In terms of word exegesis,most of Jingyan's Book of Songs study in the Southern Song Dynasty use the explanations of Maozhuan and Zhengjian;on the issue of the preface to Book of Songs,Jingyan scholars respect the preface to the Book of Songs,and interpret the poem under the logic of the preface to the Book of Songs.Most of the time,they do not reverse the preface to the poem,but often misinterpret the original meaning of the preface to make it suitable for their own study of the Book of Songs System.There is a certain gap between Jingyan's Book of Songs handout and the traditional interpretation of Book of Songs system,but the gap is not obvious.Generally speaking,scholars of Jingyan in the Southern Song Dynasty are used to adding their own new ideas under the system of traditional interpretation of Book of Songs.The Jingyan of the Southern Song Dynasty showed a new academic tendency and a strong sense of political intervention.But this characteristic existed at the beginning of Jingyan in the Northern Song Dynasty.Jingyan system itself has a strong utilitarian,scholars and monarchs through Jingyan,to achieve the combination of academic and political.The Jingyan of the Southern Song Dynasty inherited the idea that scholars of the Northern Song Dynasty attempted to enlighten the holy heart through learning,and realized that the education of the Book of Songs had advantages in inspiring and cultivating.However,restricted by the weak political environment of the Southern Song Dynasty,the political practice of scholars of the Jingyan of the Southern Song Dynasty in speaking the Book of Songs was superficial.The Jingyan system of Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties still exists,but its core has changed.In the Song Dynasty,the Jingyan system,with the aim of complementing learning with politics,became a tool to consolidate the rule under the background of the supremacy of Neo Confucianism.The system of Book of Songs established in the Southern Song Dynasty was not suitable for the development of Jingyan,which declined in the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties.The obstruction of political practice makes scholars turn more to the construction of academic theory.Under the influence of the academic trend of Southern Song Dynasty,Jingyan scholars constructed three levels of Jingyan's Book of Songs study,which shifted the focus of academic practice from political intervention to theoretical perfunctory.The study of the Book of Songs in Jingyan of the Southern Song Dynasty can be seen as the projection of the study of the Book of Songs in the court,and it also makes the education of the monarch,the highest level of the teaching of the Book of Songs,supplemented and improved.During the Southern Song Dynasty,Neo Confucianism and psychology developed vigorously.Many famous scholars of Neo Confucianism and psychology had served as officials of Jingyan.Scholars played a role in the traditional interpretation of the Book of Songs system,showing the characteristics of "old bottles of new wine",and promoting the official of new academic thoughts.Among them,Yuan Xie,as a school that emphasizes utility in the study of mind,added the concept of mind to the activity of talking about the Book of Songs.At the same time,he took the activity of talking about the Book of Songs by Jingyan as an important way to practice the world.He tried to persuade the monarch through Jingyan to help with the current affairs,which was representative among the scholars of talking about the Book of Songs by Jingyan in the Southern Song Dynasty.In the Southern Song Dynasty,the government and the monarch were weak,and the external world was soft.Scholars at Jingyan were affected by current events.They mixed a lot of suggestions about current affairs in the process of talking about the Book of Songs.Although the effect was very small,this kind of behavior indirectly achieved the purpose of applying new learning to the practice of governing the country,and brought the opportunity of political practice to the new poetry teaching.According to the content and emphasis of scholars' suggestions,it can be roughly divided into three categories: one is to criticize the problems in the society and give solutions;the other is to comment on the song and Jin wars and persuade the monarch to restore the country and become strong;the third is a more theoretical and systematic concept of governance.Most of them use the words to remonstrate,and a few of them almost completely break away from the Book of Songs itself and play freely.In the later period of the Southern Song Dynasty,Neo Confucianism gained considerable recognition at the official level,among which the activity of Jingyan's Book of Songs played an important role.In the process of Jingyan's speech of the Book of Songs,the imperial court of the Southern Song Dynasty realized the official ideological choice by supporting the new view of the Book of Songs.The relationship between the official poetics of the Southern Song Dynasty and the mind science and Neo Confucianism of the Song Dynasty is a two-way interaction and mutual construction,while the Jingyan speech of the Book of Songs is an important bridge to communicate the two,playing a unique role in the study of the Book of Songs of the Southern Song Dynasty and even the whole Song Dynasty.