A Study Of Marx's Philosophical Critique Of Proudhon's Thought In The Poverty Of Philosophy

In the history of the development of Marxist philosophy,"Poverty of Philosophy" is an important work of Marx.The significance of studying this original book is not only because it has an important position in the history of Marxist development,but also the first public elucidation of Marxist historical materialism came out through this work.Therefore,it is necessary for us to study and think carefully,to conduct in-depth research on this work,to realize the spiritual essence of it,and to internalize it into our own ideological wealth,which has great theoretical significance.Proudhon,as a representative of early socialism,had a strong influence among the workers.But his mode of thinking was deeply trapped in the quagmire of the petty bourgeoisie,which had a great negative impact on the workers' movement.At the same time,Proudhon insisted on his idealistic view of history,deviated from historical facts,denied the revolutionary theory of the proletariat,rejected the invitation to be a correspondent in Paris,and repeatedly blatantly provoked Marx in his letters.It made Marx realize that it is urgent to engage in theoretical debate with Proudhon.As Marx's evaluation of Proudhon matured with the development of his own thought,Marx realized that it was necessary to conduct a comprehensive critique of Proudhon's thought.Prior to criticizing Proudhon's "Philosophy of Poverty",Marx's attitude towards Proudhon experienced high praise,reserved praise,divisions,and relationship breakdown.Eventually,the book "Poverty of Philosophy" was spawned ideologically.Marx's philosophical critique of Proudhon's thought is the only way for the development of Marx's thought.First of all,in terms of preconditions,Proudhon's "universal rationality" is just a simple imitation of Hegel's absolute idea,which is metaphysical.For this reason,Marx criticized Proudhon's "universal rationality" as a prerequisite.Secondly,from a methodological point of view,the essence of Proudhon's "contradictory dialectics" is simply a simple imitation of Hegel's dialectical machinery.This was used as the starting point for the study of economic categories,and was defined as an eternally fixed economic category,which was as wrong as the views of the bourgeois economists at the time.For this reason,Marx used "historical dialectics" as a weapon of criticism,exposing Proudhon's methodological fouling.Finally,from the perspective of the future,Proudhon-style socialism strives to find his own "scientific formula".This is a model that is divorced from reality and cannot achieve true socialism.To this end,Marx criticized Proudhon-style socialism with a scientific communist revolution.In the course of the development of Marx's thought,by analyzing Marx's philosophical critique of Proudhon's thought,we are more convinced that socialism will replace capitalism.At the same time,the method used by Marx to combine economics and philosophy when criticizing Proudhon also provided us with important theoretical and methodological guidance,which enabled us to understand and grasp the content of historical materialism and Marx's thinking more deeply In the course of development,we firmly believe that eventually communism will be realized.