A Study Of Anthropological Thought In The Economic And Philosophical Manuscripts Of 1844

Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844(hereinafter referred to as Manuscript),as the turning point of Marx's thought,is a key link that cannot be ignored in the process of understanding Marx's humanology thought,and the encounter between philosophy and economics in Manuscript constitutes its unique text characteristics.In Manuscript,Marx regards "free and conscious conscious activities" as the "nature of human beings",and uses the word "nature" to express the nature of human beings.To understand Marx's humanology thought,we must first understand Marx's "nature".Based on the text of "Manuscript",this paper analyzes Marx's conception of human being as "quasi existence" from the relation between human being and nature and between human being,and holds that it is the "free conscious conscious activity" that divides human being from animals and makes human being as quasi existence.Secondly,on the basis of the "nature of kind" that human beings should have,this paper probes deeply into the construction theory of Marx's humanism thought in Manuscript,and finds that Marx expresses his humanism thought along the construction theory of "nature of kind","nature of type","nature of type" and "nature of type".Marx will "class nature" combined with the theory of national economists,from wages,rent,capital from three aspects,the current situation of life of workers in real life should be pointed out that the essence of human performance status and their actual living conditions the opposite in real life,then launched the "objectification activity" and the concept of "alienation labor",On this basis,it reveals the cruel living environment of workers in the capitalist society.In addition,Marx believes that the phenomenon of human alienation is not a sudden and temporary phenomenon,but has always existed in our society,which is a transitional existence for us to fully realize our own nature.He pointed out that alienation exists not only in capitalist society,also exist in the former capitalist society of feudal society,only to land in the feudal society to the person's rule,the rule of power in the capitalist society by the land over to the capital,the phenomenon of alienation of labor has been accompanied by the development of human society,want to get rid of this alienation,We are going to build a communist society in line with human nature.What is a true communist society? Marx based on "rough" communism society in the process of the expression form of criticism discusses the scientific view of communism,believe that only through the sublation of "alienation labor" talent to full possession of their own labor,realize the human,the harmony of man and nature,establish the real communist society.Finally,this paper analyzes the status of Marx's humanism thought in Manuscript,compares the humanism thought in Manuscript with the later humanism thought,and finds that in Manuscript,Marx takes "the nature of kind" as the starting point of his humanism thought to discuss.Although this way of discussion does not get rid of the influence of Feuerbach,But Marx had found a way to break the abstract humanism,shifted the focus of his research from politics and religion to the economic field,and criticized Hegel's philosophy,denying that Hegel's spiritual labor had the characteristics of historical materialism.The Manuscript is characterized by the combination of criticism of philosophy and economics and the combination of abstract humanism and realistic scientific logic,which lays the foundation of historical materialism for his later humanism thoughts.