Lexical Study Of The Sima Xiangru Collection

The Collection of Sima Xiangru includes 11 extant works of Sima Xiangru in the Western Han Dynasty,totaling 8556 words,which can be divided into 3334 words,including 1593 monosyllabic words,1715 polysyllabic words and 26 idioms.Most of the academic researches on The Sima Xiangru Collection are from the perspective of literature to explore the ideological content,aesthetic value and influence on Western Han literature.However,there is little research on linguistics,especially vocabulary.Therefore,the author has made an exhaustive study of the vocabulary in The Sima Xiangru Collection in order to enrich the research content of Sima Xiangru and his works.This article is divided into seven chapters to make a comprehensive analysis of the vocabulary in The Sima Xiangru Collection.The first chapter "Introduction" briefly introduces the content of The Collection of Sima Xiangru and summarizes the academic research on Sima Xiangru and his works from the perspective of linguistics,as well as the collation and annotation of the text of The Collection of Sima Xiangru.The significance and methods of exhaustive research on the vocabulary in The Sima Xiangru Collection are also briefly described.The second chapter is "The Study of Monosyllabic Words in The Sima Xiangru Collection".Firstly,it defines three criteria for dividing monosyllabic words.According to this criteria,1593 monosyllabic words are divided into 11 categories: nouns,verbs,adverbs,adjectives,numerals,quantifiers,pronouns,onomatopoeia,interjections,prepositions,conjunctions and auxiliary words.Among them,506 nouns,662 verbs,95 adverbs,184 adjectives,18 numerals,5 quantifiers,39 pronouns,1 interjection,23 prepositions,23 conjunctions and 37 auxiliary words.The third chapter is "Research on Polysyllabic Words in The Sima Xiangru Collection".First,four criteria for judging polysyllabic words are determined and 1715 polysyllabic words are divided,including 209 monosyllabic words,250 proper nouns and 1256 compound words.Then according to the structure of the words,the compound words are divided into 7 categories: joint,partial formal,dominant,subject-predicate type,supplementary,additional and overlapping types,of which 479 are joint,465 are partial formal,178 are dominant,48 are subject-predicate type,34 are supplementary,36 are additional and 16 are overlapping types.The fourth chapter is "Idioms in The Sima Xiangru Collection".There are only 26 idioms in Sima Xiangru Collection.According to the structure of idioms.According to the internal structure of idioms,they can be divided into two categories: complete "Two Two Consistent" Structure and incomplete "Two Two Consistent" Structure.There are 16 idioms with complete "Two Two Consistent" Structure and 10 Idioms with incomplete "Two Two Consistent" Structure.The fifth chapter is "New Words and New Meanings in The Sima Xiangru Collection".Firstly,three criteria for dividing new words and new meanings are determined.According to these criteria,229 new words and 108 new meanings are determined.There are 26 monosyllabic neologisms and 203 polysyllabic neologisms.There are 51 new monosyllabic meanings and 57 new polysyllabic meanings.The sixth chapter is to explore "The Applied Value of Vocabulary Research in The Sima Xiangru Collection".It elaborates the role of vocabulary research in The Sima Xiangru Collection in dictionary compilation from three aspects: adding entries,adding meanings and providing documentary evidence,thus discussing the practical significance and applied value of vocabulary research in special books.The seventh chapter is the summary of the full study.It shows the classification,quantity and proportion of monosyllabic words,polysyllabic words,idioms,new words and new meanings in The Sima Xiangru Collection through tables,and summarizes the characteristics of vocabulary in The Sima Xiangru Collection.