The Experimental Archaeological Study On Endscrapers Of Dadong Site In Helong County,Jilin Province

As a common tool in paleolithic sites,the endscraper has appeared in the early paleolithic period in China.For a long time,the research on the endscraper was focused on the form and type division,and the judgment of its function was mostly derived from modern concepts and modern ethnological materials.For function research of the endscraper,scholars at home and abroad in recent years,often adopt the method of experimental archaeology and micro mark analysis,observation and analysis of trace on the surface of a stoneware,combining modern simulation experiment,the causes of these tracks can be deduced,and then "see through the appearance to perceive the essence",the ancient profession model put forward reasonable explanation,provides new evidence for study of ancient human living conditions.Dadong site is found in Changbai mountain in northeast China's largest,with obsidian as the main body of the upper paleolithic site,the site was first discovered in 2007,2007 and 2010 respectively were investigated and the digging work,got tens of thousands of stone artifacts,5,419 stone artifacts were excavated,including 18 endscrapers.This research mainly by Dadong site investigation and excavation of 13 pieces of obsidian endscrapers and 1 double blade scraper as the main research object,combined with experimental archaeology,analog black obsidian endscrapers processing and use of the process,and through the use of the experimental mark data through observation and analysis,combining archaeological specimen analysis,comparison,to assume the Dadong site of the use function of endscraper.Through the experiments conducted in this research,it is found that,compared with previous views,the processing and repair of obsidian endscraper can often adopt a variety of methods,including not only the traditional knowledge of pressing method and soft hammer repair,but also the use of hard hammer can obtain exquisite endscraper.For the unused endscraper,the specific processing and repair methods can be judged according to the micro-marks on the edge surface.In Dadong site,an end scraper was used for the second repair with a hard hammer.In terms of the way of use,the observation and analysis of the micromarks of the endscraper in Dadong site revealed that most of the complete endscraper had relatively orderly striping marks at the proximal end.Combined with the experimental process and results,it could be inferred that most end scrapers should have a relatively clear handling behavior.Moreover,different use methods and habits will have certain influence on the blade shape of the endscraper.In terms of the specific processing object,most previous research suggests the endscraper as specialized tools should be scraping animal fur subcutaneous fat,but according to the experimental results,the endscraper of Dadong site is not only used in processing the material such as leather,to a certain extent,also will be used for machining medium hardness materials such as wood and animal bones and horns of high hardness materials.As a common type of striking stone,the endscraper has appeared since the early paleolithic period and continued to the neolithic age and even the Bronze Age.From the perspective of space,it is not only common in northeast Asia,but also found all over the world.According to the function of endscraper,different results are presented in different places,which reflects the different living conditions and living environments of ancient human beings in different regions,and also reflects the progress of human beings in the process of evolution and development.