Study On The Collection Of Dunhuang Poetry Variants In The National Library Of France

The collection of poems and essences of Tang people in Dunhuang collected by the National Library of France can be regarded as the cream,which contain numerous poems,rich themes and important historical and literary values.This paper studies it from the perspective of variant.First of all,the variations of Dunhuang poems collected in the National Library of France are examined exhaustively.Secondly,the variations of Dunhuang poetry collected in the National Library of France are analyzed.Then,the semantic relationship of four groups of variants is discussed.Finally,it discusses the significance of the research on the variants of Dunhuang poems in the National Library of France to the history of Chinese characters,vocabulary and lexicography.This paper consists of six parts.The first part is Introduction.This paper mainly introduces the reason of choosing the topic,research status,research significance,research object,research method,research emphasis and difficulty.The first chapter is the philological study of Dunhuang poetry variants in the National Library of France.This chapter classifies and studies the variants of Dunhuang poetry collected in the National Library of France from the aspect of characters,including variants of variant characters,ancient and modern characters,Interchangeable characters and misused characters.There are 224 groups of variant characters,which can be divided into two types of heterogeneous and different writing characters according to whether or not the structural motivation changes.Among of 83 groups of heterogeneous characters are divided into six categories: different ideographic basic components,different phonetic basic components,increased components,reduced components,complete replacement of components and others,such as farewell and farewell/ci-ci(???),meal and meal/fan-fan(???),garden and garden/yuan-yuan(???),rotten and rotten/lan-lan(???),one and one/ge-ge(???),circle and circle/za-za(???).There are 141 different writing groups,which are divided into five categories: stroke add,stroke decrease,stroke deformation,component mixing and position change,such as soil and soil/tu-tu(???),cao and cao/cao-cao(???),sewage and sewage/wu-wu(???),sweet and sweet/tian-tian(???).There are 37 groups of variants of ancient and modern Chinese characters.According to the relationship between ancient and modern Chinese characters,they can be divided intotwo categories: adding part and changing part.Among them,35 groups were added to the ancient Chinese characters,such as manufacture and make/zhi-zhi(???),burning resplendent and flower/hua-hua(???).According to the relationship between initials and finals,91 groups Interchangeable characters can be divided into three types by Guang Yun's phonological system,which including 77 groups of the initial is the same as the final,consonant,like use and give/yi-yu(???),10 groups of the same to final.Like small and young/xiao-shao(???).There are 571 groups of variants of erroneous characters.The second chapter is a lexicological study on the collection of Dunhuang poetry variants in the National Library of France.This chapter classifies and studies the variants of Dunhuang poems collected by the National Library of France from the lexical level,mainly including synonyms,near-synonym and cognates.There are 64groups of synonyms.According to different parts of speech,they are divided into five categories:noun,verb,adjective,adverb and others,like chuan and river/chuan-he(???),save and rescue/zheng-jiu(???),ashamed and ashamed/can-kui(???),original and at that time/dangshi-dangshi(?????),I and I/wo-wu(???).There are 71groups of near-synonym.According to different parts of speech,they are divided into five categories:noun,verb,adverb,numeral and others.Such as intestines and abdomen,flow and communication,most and very,nine and four,where and nowhere.According to the relationship between initial and final,62 groups of cognates(including 37 groups of ancient and modern characters)are divided into three groups:initial is the same as the final,the same to final and others.Such as outer city and coffin,The honorific name for male elders and old man?hack and separate.The third chapter is about the investigation of key variants of Dunhuang poetry collected by the National Library of France.This chapter mainly discusses the semantic relationship or evolution of four groups of variants:buhrimill and friction,catch up with and rush to,molten metal and dissolve,kill and die."buhrimill" and "friction" are closely related in sound and meaning.In the process of evolution,they overlap in the meanings and burning/ran-ran(? ? ?);2 groups were Component replacement,such assuch as like and cause/you-you(???);Four groups of the same of Initial According to the cause of the error,they can be divided into three types: shape,sound and other erroneous characters.Among them,there are 259 groups of shape errors,such as oblique and needle/ xie-zhen(? ? ?);261 groups of sound errors,such as underwater sound and turbid/zhuo-zhuo(???);51 groups of other errors,such as walking and Qin/zou-qin(???).of "friction or friction makes it achieve a certain purpose","abrasion","discussion" and"modal auxiliary,is it"catch up with" and "rush to" are the words respectively at the beginning.The original meaning of "catch up with" is to pursue and catch up,the "rush to" is to go quickly.Later,with the evolution of the meaning of the word,there are variant formation in the meaning of "go".The original meanings of "molten metal" and"dissolve" are different,but they are both "from solid to liquid" and "from existence to absence,dissipation".Therefore,this group of words in the evolution process will extend the meaning of "melting,ablation","dissipation" and "dissipation".The original meanings of "kill" and "die" are different,and then they overlap on the meaning of"death" to form a variety.With the development of the meaning of the word,"kill/sha(?)" has four basic tones in modern Chinese,which means "evil spirits and ghosts".The original meaning and extended meaning are all written as "kill/sha(?)".The fourth chapter is the research value of the collection of Dunhuang poetry variants in the National Library of France.This chapter makes a comprehensive analysis of the variations of Dunhuang poems collected in the National Library of France,and probes into the value and significance of the study of variations to the history of Chinese characters,vocabulary and lexicography.Last part is appendix.