The Research On Hayashi Tadasu And Problem Of The Anglo-Japanese Alliance Conclusion

After the Sino-Japanese War,the intervention of the three countries in restoration of Liaodong Peninsula also became a major setback of Japan's diplomacy.Since then,Japan is deeply aware of the harm of "diplomatic isolation" to its vested interests.Meanwhile,the diplomatic failure has also made some bureaucrats and senators of the Japanese government firmly believe in seeking allies to get rid of "diplomatic isolation".In 1891,Hayashi Tadasu started to work in Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan as a deputy foreign minister,and later served successively appointed as Japanese envoy to China,Russia and Britain.His outstanding diplomatic ability and broad diplomatic vision made him firmly regard Britain as the best alliance object of Japan after Japan suffered diplomatic defeat.During his tenure as foreign minister of Japan,Hayashi Tadasu actively promoted the approach between Japan and Britain,and made efforts to promote a proper understanding between the two countries in the Far East.At that time,the British foreign policy was in the transitional period.Under the situation that the international status was generally challenged by the Powers,Britain decided to abandon the traditional foreign policy of "isolated" and turn to seek an ally to maintain its special interests in the Far East.Japan's victory in the Sino-Japanese war greatly promoted its status in the Far East,while Russia's expansion policy in the Far East made the policy objectives of Japan and Britain in the Far East gradually consistent.In 1901,under the active promotion of Hayashi Tadasu,the Japanese minister to the Britain,and many AngloJapanese Alliance theorists within the Japanese government,Japan and Britain began to play negotiation about concluding the treaty of alliance.Finally,on January 30,1902,Hayashi Tadasu and Lansdowne,the British foreign minister,formally signed the first Treaty of Anglo-Japanese Alliance.Later,with the development of the situation in the Far East,on August 12,1905,Hayashi Tadasu and Lansdowne amended the Treaty of Anglo-Japanese Alliance under the authorization of their respective governments.Hayashi Tadasu's diplomatic activities and the signing of the Treaty of Anglo-Japanese Alliance played an vital role in the establishment of the diplomatic system of the modern Japanese alliance.This paper is divided into three parts.In the first part,through the description ofHayashi Tadasu's early diplomatic activities and the background of Anglo-Japanese Alliance conclusion,investigates the influence of early diplomatic experience and external environment on the Hayashi Tadasu's diplomatic ideas and the establishment of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance.The second part takes Hayashi Tadasu's diplomatic activities and his role in the negotiation between Japan and Britain as the starting point,and analyzes the role of Hayashi Tadasu in the formation of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance,including the negotiation with Lansdowne,the British foreign minister,and the communication with Ito Hirobumi and other key members of the domestic government.In the third part,based on the establishment and continuation of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance,it explores the influence of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance on Japan's foreign policy and the international situation in Northeast Asia.