The Phonetic Experimental Study Of Liangzhou Dialect In Gansu

The Liangzhou dialect belongs to the Lanyin Mandarin Hexi film.Based on traditional phonetic analysis methods,this paper uses experimental phonetic to extract different acoustic parameters,objectively analyze the acoustic characteristics of the initials,vowels,and tones of Liangzhou dialect,further providing theoretical foundations and acoustical basis for previous phonological research.Specifically came to the following conclusions:1.In the terms of initials,Liangzhou dialect has 24 consonants(including zero initials).According to different pronunciation methods,they are divided into stop,fricative,affricate,nasal and lateral sounds.For the initials of stop,the VOT duration of the aspirated sound is longer than the unaspirated sound,but the GAP duration is shorter than the unaspirated sound.There is a certain degree of compensation between VOT and GAP.For the initials of fricative,the duration of voiced fricatives is shorter than that of voiceless fricatives,and the larger of the opening gap,the pronunciation duration is more short.For the initials of affricate,the frication duration of the aspirated sounds are longer than the unaspirated sounds,but the occluded duration is shorter than the unaspirated sounds.The aspirated fricatives have a large DI index and their pronunciation is relatively complicated.The FI index of the frontal sound is the largest and its energy concentration zones are distributed at the highest positions in the frequency domain.The nasal and side sound initials have the shortest pronunciation duration [ ],and the F1 frequencies of the four initials are relatively close,and F2 is prone to change.2.In terms of finals,there are 29 finals in Liangzhou dialect,which are divided into single vowels,complex vowels and final rhyme.The distribution position of the unit vowels in the acoustic vowel diagram is basically consistent with the traditional vowel tongue map,and F1 is related to the height of the tongue,F2 is related to the front and back of the tongue,and the round lip effect will also make F2 to a certain extent reduce.The complex vowel vowels are divided into front,middle and back sounds.When they are pronounced,they often have a coordinated pronunciation.The rhyme belly as the core vowel often changes after the rhyme,and its acoustic characteristics are mainly expressed through F2.Nasal rhyme and final rhyme,that is,the final rhyme with the tongue root nasal rhyme ending in [ ].It has a more complex tongue position than complex rhyme.3.In terms of tones,Liangzhou dialect has three citation tones and bi-syllable tones have seven basic tone-changing forms.The citation tones are specifically: Yinping 44,Yangping and Shang 24,and Qu 51.The bi-syllable tones are affected by the coordinated pronunciation,and the front and back words will be adjusted and changed appropriately.When each tone type is used as the front word,Yangping(T2)is the most stable,and Yinping(T1)and Qu(T3)are easily affected by the combination.When each tone type is used as the back word,the Qu(T3)is relatively stable,and the tone reduction mode is maintained.T1 and T2 are susceptible to the influence of the front word,changing the tuning and tuning value.